A Case-Control Study of the Role of Human Papillomavirus in Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Australia

Liyanage, Surabhi S.; Segelov, Eva; Malik, Anam; Garland, Suzanne M.; Tabrizi, Sepehr N.; Cummins, Eleanor; Seale, Holly; Rahman, Bayzidur; Moa, Aye; Barbour, Andrew P.; Crowe, Philip; MacIntyre, C. Raina

doi:10.1155/2014/236482

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Three meta‐analyses have concluded that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has a role in the development of esophageal cancer , but there is also evidence against such a role . There is little evidence for the involvement of HPV in esophageal cancer in some areas in sub‐Saharan Africa and in a recent study in South Africa, HPV was shown to play a minor role in the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer .The prevalence of esophageal HPV infection in sub‐Saharan Africa is unknown, although it was reported to be 24% among women with normal cervical cytology .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV infection and domestic smoke exposure, but not human papillomavirus, are risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Zambia: a case–control study

et al. 2015

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There is emerging evidence that esophageal cancer occurs in younger adults in sub-Saharan Africa than in Europe or North America. The burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is also high in this region. We postulated that HIV and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections might contribute to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) risk. This was a case–control study based at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Cases were patients with confirmed OSCC and controls had completely normal upper endoscopic evaluations. A total of 222 patients were included to analyze the influence of HIV infection; of these, 100 patients were used to analyze the influence of HPV infection, alcohol, smoking, and exposure to wood smoke. The presence of HIV infection was determined using antibody kits, and HPV infection was detected by polymerase chain reaction. HIV infection on its own conferred increased risk of developing OSCC (odds ratio [OR] 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0–5.1; P = 0.03). The OR was stronger when only people under 60 years were included (OR 4.3; 95% CI 1.5–13.2; P = 0.003). Cooking with charcoal or firewood, and cigarette smoking, both increased the odds of developing OSCC ([OR 3.5; 95% CI 1.4–9.3; P = 0.004] and [OR 9.1; 95% CI 3.0–30.4; P < 0.001], respectively). There was no significant difference in HPV detection or alcohol intake between cases and controls. We conclude that HIV infection and exposure to domestic and cigarette smoke are risk factors for OSCC, and HPV immunization unlikely to reduce OSCC incidence in Zambia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV infection and domestic smoke exposure, but not human papillomavirus, are risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Zambia: a case–control study

et al. 2015

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“…There are conflicting results in the studies investigating the role of HPV. The studies mainly compared tissues with cancer to surrounding normal tissues and studied HPV by PCR or immunochemistry [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ] ( Table 3 ). Among the studies, 28 out of 44 (64%) reported that HPV positivity is significantly higher in esophageal cancer patients, including the studies enrolling the highest number of patients [ 33 , 55 , 60 , 67 , 69 …”

Section: Human Papillomavirus and Gastrointestinal Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus Infection and Oropharyngeal and Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Causal Relationship?

et al. 2022

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The human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. The risk of being infected at least once in a lifetime among both men and women is estimated to be 50%. Although the majority of HPV infections are asymptomatic and improve within 2 years, approximately 10% of individuals develop a persistent infection and have an increased risk of developing carcinomas. The association of HPV and genital cancer is well established. However, there is evidence that HPV may also be associated with other cancers, including those of the gastrointestinal system. The aim of this review is to organize the current evidence of associations between HPV infections and oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal cancers, including the following: oropharyngeal, esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and anal cancers. A comprehensive review of the most up-to-date medical literature concluded that an HPV infection might have a role in the oncogenesis of gastrointestinal tract cancers. HPV may have a causal relationship with oropharyngeal and esophageal squamous cell cancers. However, the association between HPV and gastric and colorectal cancers is weaker. The development of cancer in the oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal tract is usually multifactorial, with HPV having a role in at least a subset of these cancers. HPV infections pose a big challenge due to their burden of infection and their oncogenic potential.

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“…Chen et al [32] screened HPV types associated with ESCC of Kazakh from Xinjiang (China) by gene chip; their results showed that the rate of infection with HPV was 66.67% in the ESCC group, while that of HPV16 was 97.72% and the rate of co-infection with HPV16 and HPV18 was 2.27%. A hospitalbased case-control study of 99 patients with ESCC and 100 healthy controls in an Australian cohort suggested that HPV may be an additional risk factor in the multifactorial etiology of EC, although a larger, better-powered study is needed [29] .…”

Section: Evidence Of a Positive Association Between Hpv And Esccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses, Other Pathogenic Microorganisms and Esophageal Cancer

Liu

Bao

et al. 2015

Gastrointest Tumors

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Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is the eighth most prevalent malignant tumor and the sixth leading cause of cancer mortality throughout the world. Despite the technical developments in diagnosis and treatment, the 5-year survival rate is still low. The etiology of EC remains poorly understood; multiple risk factors may be involved and account for the great variation in EC incidence in different geographic regions. Summary: Infection with carcinogenetic pathogens has been proposed as a risk factor for EC. This review explores the recent studies on the association of human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Helicobacter pylori and esophageal bacterial biota with EC. Key Message: Among the above-mentioned pathogens, HPV most likely contributes to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in high-risk populations. New techniques are being applied to studies on the role of infection in EC, which will inevitably bring novel ideas to the field in the near future. Practical Implications: Multiple meta-analyses support the finding of a higher HPV detection rate in regions associated with high risk for ESCC compared to low-risk areas. A potential role of HPV in the rise of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) was proposed recently. However, further studies are required before a firm conclusion can be drawn. Less work has been done in studying the association between EBV and ESCC, and the results are quite controversial. H. pylori infection is found to be inversely related to EC, which is probably due to the reduced incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Analysis of the esophageal bacterial biota revealed distinct clusters of bacteria in normal and diseased esophagi. A type II microbiome rich in Gram-negative bacteria potentially contributes to EAC by inducing chronic inflammation. Novel findings from such studies as these may benefit public health by justifying anti-infection measures to prevent EC.

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A Case-Control Study of the Role of Human Papillomavirus in Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Australia

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

HIV infection and domestic smoke exposure, but not human papillomavirus, are risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Zambia: a case–control study

HIV infection and domestic smoke exposure, but not human papillomavirus, are risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Zambia: a case–control study

Human Papillomavirus Infection and Oropharyngeal and Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Causal Relationship?

Viruses, Other Pathogenic Microorganisms and Esophageal Cancer

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