A case–control study of nutritional factors associated with chronic suppurative otitis media in Yemeni children

Abstract

Results: Cases had lower mean Z-scores for weight-for-age, weight-for-height, body mass index and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) (all Po0.05), and lower mean concentrations of serum Zn (P ¼ 0.032), Se (Po0.001) and calcium adjusted for albumin (P ¼ 0.026). Age-adjusted Hb and iron biomarkers did not differ between cases and controls. There was high prevalence of low serum Zn concentration (X90%) and vitamin D deficiency in both cases (80%) and controls (96%). Duration of ear discharge was negatively correlated with total 25(OH)D (P ¼ 0.028), calcium adjusted for albumin (Po0.001), PO 4 (P ¼ 0.002), transferrin receptor/ log ferritin ratio (Po0.001) and Cu (Po0.001), and positively correlated with child age and MUAC (both Po0.001). Conclusions: Children with CSOM were more undernourished than controls with lower mean serum Zn, Se and calcium concentrations. Vitamin D-deficient and iron-replete children had longer duration of infection, although this association was lost with age adjustment. Trials evaluating specific micronutrients are required in order to investigate specific nutrient-infection interactions in CSOM.

Serum Trace Elements and Heavy Metal Levels in Patients Diagnosed with Chronic Otitis Media and Their Association with Surgical Treatment Outcomes

“…In an experimental study, Prasad et al [13] stated that a significant decrease in Zn concentrations was associated with a decrease in interferon-gamma and interleukin (IL)-2 production as well as the nat- [9] demonstrated that patients with sepsis had significantly lower plasma Zn concentrations compared to control subjects. Consistent with our results, Elemraid et al [11] also reported significantly reduced serum Zn levels in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media. Aydogan et al [14] also reported reduced serum Zn concentrations in children with otitis media with effusion compared with patients who underwent adenoidectomy alone.…”

“…Data regarding blood chemicals in COM are limited. Elemraid et al [11] investigated the nutritional factors associated with chronic suppurative otitis media in children and reported that children with this disease were more undernourished compared with controls, with lower mean serum Zn, selenium (Se), and calcium (Ca) concentrations.…”

Risk Factors for Chronic and Recurrent Otitis Media–A Meta-Analysis

“…Other risk factor investigations for COM/ROM included in our eligible studies included HLA frequencies [27], nutritional factors [18], medication use during pregnancy [20], ethnicities of Greenland [25], White [8], African American [22], properdin deficiency [36], indoor cooking [31], pharyngeal reflux [28], overweight status [32], older siblings [38], dietary history [18], serum retinol [30], genome scan for loci of 10q and 19q [17], and?Surfactant protein-A gene locus [33]. Unfortunately, only one research group reported each risk factor above, which made the data unavailable.…”

Association between vitamin D and development of otitis media

“…After detailed evaluations, 5 studies were selected for the final meta-analysis. [ 6 , 20 – 23 ] A manual search of the reference lists of these studies did not yield any new eligible studies. The general characteristics of the included studies are presented in Table 1 .…”