A case‐control study of idiopathic torsion dystonia

Fletcher, Nicholas; Harding, A. E.; Marsden, C. D.

doi:10.1002/mds.870060406

Cited by 43 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…17 Palilalia may represent the speech equivalent of motor phenomena such as freezing episode in patients with PD. 3,11,13 The association of stuttering and dystonia 4,16,28 and some motor control disorders, such as the difficulty to reproduce and to sustain alternating sequential motor tasks described during stuttering, 3,6,13,33 support this hypothesis. [30][31][32] A repetitive speech disorder following lesions in the paramedian thalami and midbrain has been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…25 Finally, developmental stuttering is commonly associated with secondary behaviors, such as head turning, blinking, or upper lip raising. 28 Thus, there is the argument suggesting that extrapyramidal system dysfunction can produce stuttering. 16 Moreover, a family history of stuttering in patients with idiopathic torsion dystonia has been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Propriospinal myoclonus in ischemic myelopathy secondary to a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula

Nogués¹,

Cammarota

Solá

et al. 2000

Mov. Disord.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propriospinal myoclonus in ischemic myelopathy secondary to a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula

Nogués¹,

Cammarota

Solá

et al. 2000

Mov. Disord.

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“…Although some patients with otherwise typical forms of idiopathic dystonia give a history of preceding local injury to the subsequently affected body part, a definite cause and effect relationship is not well established 15, 16. Apart from these patients, however, there are others who comprise a clinically distinct form of posttraumatic dystonia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic painful torticollis

et al. 2003

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The development of abnormal posturing of the neck or shoulder after local injury has been termed posttraumatic cervical dystonia (PTCD). Certain features seem to distinguish a unique subgroup of patients with this disorder from those with features more akin to typical idiopathic cervical dystonia, such as onset and maximum disability that occurs very quickly after injury, severe pain and a fixed abnormal posture. In an attempt to clarify the nature of this syndrome further, we evaluated 16 such patients (8 men, 8 women). Motor vehicle accident and work-related injuries were common precipitants, with posturing usually developing shortly after trauma, and little progression occurring after the first week. A characteristic, painful, fixed head tilt and shoulder elevation were present in all but one patient, who had a painless elevated shoulder and painful contralateral shoulder depression, as well as nondermatomal sensory loss in 14 patients. Additional abnormalities included dystonic posturing in a limb (2 patients) or jaw (1 patient), limb tremor (3 patients) and "give-way" limb weakness (8 patients). The tremor and the jaw dystonia demonstrated features suggestive of a psychogenic movement disorder, most commonly distractibility. Litigation or compensation was present in all 16 patients. Intravenous sodium amytal improved the posture, pain or both in 13 of 13 patients; in 7 of 13 the sensory deficit either markedly improved or normalized. General anesthesia demonstrated full range of motion in all 5 patients assessed. Psychological evaluations suggested that psychological conflict, stress, or both were being expressed via somatic channels in 11 of 12 tested patients. Our results suggest an important role of psychological factors in the etiology or maintenance of abnormal posture, pain and associated disability of these patients. The role of central factors triggered in psychologically vulnerable individuals after physical trauma is discussed. We propose that the disorder be referred to as "posttraumatic painful torticollis" rather than characterize it as a form of dystonia until further information on its pathogenesis is forthcoming.

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“…An early hospital-based case-control study assessed the role of a number of possible risk factors in 71 patients and 71 age- and sex-matched. controls; no associations were found between dystonia and history of abnormal birth, neonatal disorders, autoimmune diseases, or exposure to toxic substances 23. However, the relatively small sample size did not allow sufficient study for several of the investigated variables.…”

Section: Environmental Factors and Primary Early-onset Dystoniamentioning

confidence: 82%