A Case–Control Study: Infectious Burden Increased the Occurrence of Vascular Cognitive Impairment No Dementia

Deng, Yiming; Ding, Zeyu; Liu, Yanfang; Wu, Jianwei; Wang, Yongjun; Zhao, Xingquan

doi:10.1111/cns.12632

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…2 ). For MCI, case-control studies showed no association with HSV-1 IgG seropositivity (three studies) 25 , 33 , 47 , HSV-1 IgG subclasses (one study) 31 , or HSV-1 detection in blood (method unspecified; one study) 39 (e-Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For HSV-2, there were three case-control studies 29 , 39 , 42 , all with ≥two domains at high risk of bias. There was no association between HSV-2 virus detected in the brain and dementia in two studies: pooled OR 0.53; 95%CI, 0.18–1.56 29 , 42 , while the third showed an association between HSV-2 (measurement unspecified) in blood and vascular MCI: unadjusted OR 4.29; 95%CI, 2.01-9.16 39 (Fig. 3 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, a smaller Japanese community cohort study, also with no domains at high risk of bias, showed no association between quartiles of CMV titre and cognitive function 64 . One case-control study found no association between IgG seropositivity and MCI 47 while another case-control study reported that CMV in blood (detection method unclear) was associated with MCI in unadjusted analysis: OR 2.17; 95%CI, 1.28–3.67 39 .

Figure 5 Effect of cytomegalovirus on dementia risk.!!…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human herpesvirus infections and dementia or mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Warren‐Gash

Forbes

Williamson

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Interest is growing in the role of infectious agents in the pathogenesis of dementia, but current evidence is limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of any of eight human herpesviruses on development of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, Global Health, Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, clinical trials registers and grey literature sources from inception to December 2017 for observational studies with cohort, case control or self-controlled designs, or randomised controlled trials of interventions against herpesviruses. Pooled effect estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated through random effects meta-analyses across studies with the same design, outcome, and virus type, method and site of measurement. We included 57 studies across various geographic settings. Past infection with herpesviruses, measured by IgG seropositivity, was generally not associated with dementia risk. A single cohort study rated moderate quality showed an association between varicella zoster virus reactivation (ophthalmic zoster) and incident dementia (HR 2.97; 95%CI, 1.89 to 4.66). Recent infection with, or reactivation of, herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 1/2 unspecified, cytomegalovirus and human herpes virus-6 measured by serum IgM, high titre IgG or clinical disease may be associated with dementia or MCI, though results were inconsistent across studies and overall evidence rated very low quality. Longitudinal population studies with robust repeated virus measurements taken sufficiently proximal to dementia onset are needed to establish whether, when and among whom herpesviruses affect dementia risk.

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