A Case Analysis of Volcanic Ash Dispersion under Various Volcanic Explosivity Index of the Mt. Baegdu

Abstract

In order to clarify the characteristics of dispersion of volcanic tephra emitted from the Mt. Baegdu with various eruption environment, numerical analysis were performed using numerical models, Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) and FLEXPART. Synoptic conditions at 12 October 2010 was adopted because the volcanic ash of Mt. Baegdu can reach the Korean peninsula and its dispersion pattern was compared with different Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) and particle size. Predominant size of falling out ash flowing in the peninsular is smaller than 0.5 mm and the ash large than the size is difficult to get in the peninsular due to the its weak ability of truculent diffusion. the difference of ash distribution with various VEI scenarios is not so much but number density of ash in the air is dramatically changed. Volcanic ash tends to be deposited easily in eastern coastal area such as Gangneung and Busan, because of the inflow of ash from East Sea and barrier effect of the Taeback mountains along the east coast of the Korean Peninsula. Accumulated amount of ash deposition can be increased in short period in several urban areas.

A re-assessment of historical records pertaining to activity of Mt. Baekdu (Paektu, Tianchi) volcano

“…In addition, as seen in the study of the prediction characteristics on the advection and diffusion of volcanic tephra from the explosive eruption in Mt. Baekdu (Lee et al, 2012) was examined. The movement of volcanic ash was analyzed for 48 h after its release from the synoptic observation site on October 21, 2010 AD (Lee et al, 2012).…”

Scenario-Based Pyroclastic Density Current Invasion Maps at Poorly Known Volcanoes: A Case Study from Changbaishan (China/North Korea)

“…The evaluation of the hazard related to ash dispersion and PDC is of primary importance because about 135,000 people of China and 31,000 of North Korea live within 50 km from the Changbaishan caldera, and each year, 2,000,000 tourists visit the Changbaishan volcano National Reserve, a part of the UNESCO Man and Biosphere program [55] (http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/statisticaldata/censusdata/) [56]. In this framework, Lee et al [57] and Yu et al [58,59] model the ash dispersion for eruptions with VEI up to 7 and show that, due to the prevailing winds, ash deposition may heavily affect China and North Korea, with also consequences for the aviation routes and agricultural areas in South Korea and north Japan. Yun et al [60] and Paone and Yun [61], by using the results of TITAN2 simulations for VEI 3 eruptions from 7 vents located along a NE-SW strike inside and outside the Changbaishan caldera, show that PDCs may deposit both inside and outside the caldera to a maximum distance of 7 km from the vent, mostly in the north valley hosting the Erdaobaihe River ( Figure 1).…”

Numerical Simulation of Volcanic Ash Dispersion and Deposition during 2011 Eruption of Mt. Kirishima

“…따라서 대규모 화산 분화에 의 한 화산재 방출은 단기간 내에 급격한 대기질 악화 와 항공교통 마비를 야기시키고 경제적 피해 또한 막대하다 (Millet and Casadevall, 2000;Gasteiger et al, 2011;Sulpizio et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2012;Yu et al, 2013). 또한 대류권 및 성층권내에서 화산재의 이동 및 침적과정을 통하여 복사에너지의 변화를 야 기하고 이러한 복사 수지의 변화는 궁극적으로 지구 규모의 기후 변화에 영향을 준다 (Mishchenko et al, 2007;Lee and Jang, 2014).…”