A caridade científica: Moncorvo Filho e o Instituto de Proteção e Assistência à Infância do Rio de Janeiro (1899-1930)

Abstract

The article follows the trajectory of Doctor Arthur Moncorvo Filho and the Instituto de Proteção e Assistência à Infância, an organization that he founded in Rio de Janeiro in 1899. It examines them within the context of the construction of Brazil's institutional network in the field of children's health assistance in the first half of the twentieth century, a process that combined philanthropic activities, scientific practices, and public investments. This philanthropic physician played a model role, as he conjoined assistance activities with the application of innovative medical techniques and proposed or called for public policies that targeted motherhood and children.

Social Representations of the Disadvantaged Childhood’s Asylum of Horta in the Press (Azores, Portugal): From the Constitutional Monarchy to the First Republic

“…The discursive records produced by the press on welfare strategies value, on the one hand, an axiological dimension and forms of charitable intervention and, on the other hand, aggregate and reconcile the discourses and techniques underlying the charitable and philanthropic models [69,70]. If charity has begun to assume the objectives of philanthropy, namely, the "prevention of disorder", philanthropy has not completely abandoned the religious precepts.…”

Adoção de Soropositivos: experiência e convívio no acolhimento institucional na Casa Sagrada Família

“…Em meados do século XIX, profundas mudanças relativas à assistência e proteção à infância foram implantadas (FREIRE;LEONY, 2011, p. 202), dentre as quais a escola de primeiras letras no Recolhimento de Misericórdia da Bahia em 1829. Já no período ditatorial, perante as mudanças políticas, socioeconômicas e em prol do Estado de Bem-Estar Social, considerou-se como primordial a assistência às instituições sociais para prover as necessidades das crianças e adolescentes, uma vez que a realidade do menor era considerada como um desajuste social (ROSSATO, 2008, p. 18) e uma questão de segurança nacional.…”

“…Há a predominância da adoção de crianças e adolescentes com AIDS por participantes da Comunidade Epifania e, o crescimento de adoções de crianças recém nascidas, sem a realização do diagnóstico de infecção pelo HIV. Verifica-se assim, a predominância dos cuidados especiais (BEZERRA LINS, 2014, p. 132) de crianças e adolescentes abandonados/entregues a adoção (FREIRE;LEONY, 2011, p. 201), por parte dos participantes da Igreja, que decorre de um contexto-histórico social.…”

Birthing life and death: women’s reproductive health in early twentieth-century Rio de Janeiro

“…Scholars have provided new insights into the ideologies surrounding maternalinfant healthcare, particularly the idea of "scientific motherhood," which posited that women required guidance from the medical profession to properly raise their children (Freire, 2008(Freire, , 2009Maes, 2011;Martins, 2005Martins, , 2008Mott, 2001;Otovo, 2016;Rohden, 2009;Wadsworth, 1999). In a similar vein, historians have demonstrated how obstetricians and philanthropists made concerted efforts to expand maternal-infant health services by constructing public maternity hospitals and including women's health in Rio de Janeiro's growing public health infrastructure during the First Republic (Barreto, 2011(Barreto, , 2015Barreto, Oliveira, 2016;Freire, Leony, 2011;Martins, 2004;Mott, 2002;Sanglard, Ferreira, 2010). Under Vargas (1930Vargas ( -1945 these efforts expanded, centralized, and federalized, as the patchwork of maternal-infant public health initiatives in various states and municipalities became an integral platform of the federal government, with Rio de Janeiro setting the standard for policy and its implementation (Fonseca, 1993(Fonseca, , 2007Marko, 2006;Mott, 2001).…”