A Carbon Footprint of High‐Speed Railways in China: A Case Study of the Beijing‐Shanghai Line

Lin, Jianyi; Li, Huimei; Huang, Wei; Xu, Wangtu; Cheng, Shihui

doi:10.1111/jiec.12824

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In 2018, Lin et al [20] studied the carbon footprint of the HSR in China, the Beijing-Shanghai Line. They analysed subsystems of the HSR project which consisted of bridges, tunnels, subgrades, rails, stations, and electric and electric multiple unit trains (EMUs) in different stages of the project in the following detail: materials and energy conception during the construction stage, the energy consumption by EMUs and stations during the operation stage, and the materials and energy consumption during the maintenance stage.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Cost, Energy and Carbon Assessments of Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway

2019

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The Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway (HSR) is one of the most important railways in China, but it also has impacts on the economy and the environment while creating social benefits. This paper uses a life cycle assessment (LCA) method and a life cycle cost (LCC) analysis method to summarize the energy consumption, carbon emissions and costs of the Beijing-Shanghai HSR from the perspective of life cycle, and proposes some corresponding suggestions based on the results. The research objective of this paper is to analyse the carbon emissions, energy consumption, and costs of the rail system which includes the structure of the track and earthwork of the Beijing-Shanghai HSR during four stages: conception stage, construction stage, operation and maintenance stage, and disposal stage. It is concluded that the majority of the carbon emissions and energy consumption of the entire rail system are from the construction stage, accounting for 64.86% and 54.31% respectively. It is followed by the operation and maintenance stage with 31.60% and 35.32% respectively. In contrast, the amount of carbon emissions and energy consumption from the conception stage is too small to be considered. Furthermore, cement is the major contributor to the carbon emissions and energy consumption during the construction stage. As for the cost, the construction stage spends the largest amount of money (US$4614.00 million), followed by the operation and maintenance stage (US$910.61 million). Improving production technologies and choosing construction machinery are proposed to reduce the cost and protect the environment.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Cost, Energy and Carbon Assessments of Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway

2019

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“…Considerably, all the species might that have an impact on the promotion of the plant growth exhibit the adverse effect. Growth promotion or successions studied by Booth and Mania [72] on North American grasslands and abandoned Japanese field, resulted in allelopathy as growth promotor can stimulate the growth of pioneer species on pasture [73]. This study is considering plant growth inhibitor rather than growth promotion to focus on sustainability factors in weed management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Allelopathic Candidates for Land Use and Possible Sustainable Weed Management in South Asian Ecosystem

et al. 2019

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Weed management is one of the significant challenges of field crops since weeds pose a remarkable threat to crop productivity in South Asian countries, including Bangladesh. Allelopathy, a phenomenon whereby secondary metabolites produced and released by one plant species influence the growth and development of other species can be exploited in sustainable management. The focus of this study was to evaluate potential allelopathic plant species which can be further explored as alternatives to synthetic herbicides or incorporated as part of integrated weed management in sustainable agriculture. Two hundred fifty-two plant samples from 70 families were collected from Bangladesh and evaluated with the sandwich bioassay. Thirty-one percent of the samples showed significant allelopathic potential on lettuce radicle elongation. Among the species that showed substantial inhibition, more than 7% of the samples showed higher inhibition (HI) and 25% showed moderate inhibition (MI) on lettuce radicle. Fruit pulps of Couroupita guianensis (95.4%), fruits of Phyllanthus emblica (95.4%), and Acacia concinna (95.4%) showed the highest inhibition on lettuce radicle elongation. In contrast, the leaf of Bombax insigne had growth promoting activity by stimulating radicle (23%) and hypocotyl (80%) elongation of lettuce seedlings. This result suggested that the species with significant plant growth inhibitory potential may play a vital role as an alternative to the increasing use of synthetic herbicides for sustainable weed management in agricultural land.

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“…The length of bridges should be considered to achieve an environment-friendly HSR during the construction stage, because of its high environmental footprints during construction and its positive effects in operation, thereby smoothing routes and saving lands. Thus, a tradeoff exists between construction and operation [28]. In the upstream production stage, the production efficiency of raw materials should be improved, especially for the three sectors of metal smelting and rolling industry, non-metallic mineral production, and transport equipment manufacturing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Footprints of High-Speed Railway Construction in China: A Case Study of the Beijing–Tianjin Line

Lin

Cheng

et al. 2019

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The environmental footprints of China's high-speed railway (HSR) have attracted much attention nationally and internationally. Although there is some research focusing on CO 2 emissions, a comprehensive environmental impacts assessment of HSR construction is still lacking. In this study, the emissions of the Beijing-Tianjin intercity HSR line was calculated using a hybrid input-output life cycle assessment method to quantify the environmental impacts of HSR throughout its construction. The environmental footprints during the construction stage were analyzed in terms of different subsystems and sectors. The results showed that bridges contribute the largest environmental footprints at approximately 60%, followed by rail and electric multiple unit (EMU) systems. The top three sectors that contribute to pollutant emissions are the metal smelting and rolling industry, transport equipment manufacturing, and non-metallic mineral production. CO 2 and NO x are the major pollutants directly emitted by site equipment operation. More chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and petroleum are emitted in EMU production than in rail construction, while NH 3 -N is emitted more in rails instead. Cd, Pb, As, and Hg are the significant pollutants in the metal smelting and rolling industry, whereas Cr, Cu, and Zn are the main heavy metal emissions in the transport equipment manufacturing sector. Heavy metals are the main types of environmental footprints in bridges, stations, and electric systems. Water pollutants are the main environmental impacts for rail and EMU systems, and the emissions of air pollutants are significant in subgrades. The production efficiency of upstream materials, desulfurization and denitration in fossil combustion, and the length of the bridge construction should be considered for an HSR under construction, in order to become environmentally friendly and sustainable.

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A Carbon Footprint of High‐Speed Railways in China: A Case Study of the Beijing‐Shanghai Line

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Life Cycle Cost, Energy and Carbon Assessments of Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway

Life Cycle Cost, Energy and Carbon Assessments of Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway

Potential Allelopathic Candidates for Land Use and Possible Sustainable Weed Management in South Asian Ecosystem

Environmental Footprints of High-Speed Railway Construction in China: A Case Study of the Beijing–Tianjin Line

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