A capillary zone electrophoretic method for the determination of hypoglycemics as adulterants in herbal formulations used for the treatment of diabetes

Abstract

Adulteration of antidiabetic herbal medicines with hypoglycemic drugs has been reported as a recurrent practice throughout the world. In this context, a new method for the determination of metformin, chlorpropamide, glibenclamide and gliclazide by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C 4 D) is described in this paper. The proposed method was applied to the evaluation of adulterants in samples of herbal formulations commercialized by compounding pharmacies for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The method was shown to be suitable for the simultaneous evaluation of hypoglycemics as adulterants using a 20 mmol L À1 sodium acetate solution at pH 10.0 as the working electrolyte. The method allows for the quantification of the adulterants in concentrations higher than 0.24 mg per capsule for metformin, 0.42 mg per capsule for chlorpropamide, 0.15 mg per capsule for glibenclamide and 0.33 mg per capsule for gliclazide.

Contactless conductivity detection for analytical techniques—Developments from 2012 to 2014

“…A range of adulterants, usually synthetic compounds added to natural pharmaceutical formulations, was evidenced in several herbal formulations by recent CE‐C 4 D studies . Various painkillers , antibiotics , antihypertensives , muscle relaxants , and enzyme inhibitors were determined in pharmaceutical formulations in order to prove their composition and content of active ingredients.…”

Recent applications and developments of capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE‐C4D) in capillary electrophoresis

“…() developed CE‐C 4 D method for determination of sildenafil and vardenafil in tablets. Hypoglycemic was determined in herbal formulations (Viana et al ., ).…”

Development of a capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry method for the analysis of metformin and its transformation product guanylurea in biota

“…With the low metformin concentrations present in environmental samples and the complex matrices, analytical methods with sufficient selectivity and sensitivity are required, not yet presented except for CE-ECL (LOD 0.3 μg/l) for urine samples [38] and CE-MS for serum samples (LOD 2.1 μg/l) [27]. With its high charge already at neutral pH, metformin is well amenable to CE as visible from the broad pH range used for its analysis which ranged from 2.5 [25] to 10 [39]. However, CE methods published so far mostly used background electrolytes incompatible with MS, e.g., phosphate buffers [23,25,29,38].…”