A Capacity Building Program to Improve the Self-Efficacy of Key Workers to Support the Well-Being of Parents of a Child With a Disability Accessing an Early Childhood Intervention Service: Protocol for a Stepped-Wedge Design Trial

Abstract

Background Early childhood intervention services support children with disabilities or developmental delays from birth to school entry with the aim to achieve optimal outcomes for children and their families. A transdisciplinary approach to delivering early childhood intervention, particularly the key worker model, is considered the best practice, where allied health professionals (eg, speech pathologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, psychologists, and special educators) and the family work together as a collaborative team to share information, knowledge, and skills across disciplinary boundaries, with a key worker coordinating and delivering most of the intervention to achieve the goals for the child and their family. Initial qualitative research demonstrated parents want their key worker to also support their mental well-being. Poor mental well-being of parents of a child with a disability is of relevance to key workers because of its association with poor child-related outcomes. One of the major challenges key workers report in supporting families is managing parent distress and, because of lack of confidence, is a secondary negative impact on their own well-being. Objective This trial has been developed in response to the negative cycle of low professional confidence to support parents’ mental health, increased key worker stress, and high turnover of employees working within a disability service setting. Methods A stepped-wedge design is used to deliver and evaluate a capacity building intervention program, over a 9-month period, for key workers to improve both parent and staff mental well-being. The primary outcome is key workers’ self-efficacy in supporting parental mental well-being. Secondary outcomes include manager self-efficacy in supporting key workers and staff perceptions of supervisory support, staff job-related mental well-being, parental satisfaction with their key worker, parental mental well-being, and cost-consequence of the program. Results This study was funded in October 2014, supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Partnership Project grant (Grant number 1076861). Focus groups and individual face-to-face interviews were conducted from February to November 2015 with 40 parents who have a child with a disability and 13 key workers to gain insight into how the disability service could better promote child and family health and well-being and to inform about the development of the trial. Conclusions The stepped-wedge study design is practical and ethical for research with a vulnerable population group of parents of a child with a disability, providing high quality data with all participants exposed to the intervention by the end of the trial. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12617001530314; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx...

Understanding key worker experiences at an Australian Early Childhood Intervention Service

“…This aligns with a previous evaluation of NDIS which advocated for "Improved training, career opportunities, and strategies to manage workplace stress and workloads" (Mavromaras et al, 2018) pg.xvi). These recommendations were used by the organisation to inform the development and implementation of an intervention to support parental and staff mental wellbeing within their ECIS (Davis et al, 2019). This intervention is being evaluated to contribute evidence to guide policy and practice more broadly in the sector.…”

“…This qualitative study forms part of a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) partnership project to develop and trial an intervention model to support the health and wellbeing of children with a disability and their families in the context of changes arising from the introduction of NDIS (Davis et al, 2019). The project was conducted in partnership with academics and a large non-government disability service provider which offers a wide range of therapeutic and social supports to people of all ages and backgrounds who are either born with or acquire a disability.…”

“…The aim of this research was to identify the barriers and opportunities for the ECIS service that supports children with disabilities, and their carers, to optimise child and family health and well-being. Key workers' views were explored to determine their understanding of the issues that children and their families face, how they support family wellbeing, the support they receive to do their role, challenges they face and what they think could be done to overcome those challenges to directly inform the development of the intervention conducted within a Victorian disability service (Davis et al, 2019).…”

PIAT: “Plan individualizado de atención temprana”

“…Uno de los principales desafíos que informan los equipos profesionales referentes en el apoyo a las familias es manejar la angustia de los padres y madres y la falta de confanza, y eso genera un impacto negativo en su propio bienestar (Davis et al, 2019). Hay que observar las debilidades y amenazas, así como las fortalezas y oportunidades, y aspectos sobre conductas o aspectos emocionales y de sociabilidad, que manifesta la familia y el niño/a.…”

Roles and responsibilities of the community palliative care key worker: a scoping review

“…Identified in Australia by Davis et al, (2019) to work within paediatric disability teamsthe key worker role is geared towards promoting parents' mental health and wellbeing.…”