A Canine Venereal Tumor with Metastasis to the Brain

Adams, E. W.; Slaughter, Lynnard J.

doi:10.1177/030098587000700604

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In naturally occurring TVT, canine genitalia are the most common primary site. Although this tumour rarely metastasises, ocular lesions are generally referred to as metastatic and seldom as primary extragenital lesions (Stubbs and Furth 1934, Barron and others 1963, Abbott 1966, Higgins 1966, Adams and Slaughter 1970, Dass and Sahay 1989, Boscos and others 1998, Das and Das 2000, Ferreira and others 2000). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular manifestations of canine transmissible venereal tumour: a retrospective study of 25 cases in Greece

Komnenou

Thomas

Kyriazis³

et al. 2015

Veterinary Record

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Transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) is a sexually transmitted neoplasm that frequently affects dogs of either sex, in tropical and subtropical regions. TVT primarily involves the external genitalia, although extragenital sites have also been reported. This study describes the ocular manifestations of TVT in 25 naturally infected dogs and their response to treatment. Seventeen male and eight female dogs were included in the study. TVT ocular lesions were either unilateral (21 dogs) or bilateral (four dogs). Ocular lesions as the single manifestation of TVT were seen in 22 animals. One dog presented external genitalia involvement while two others were found to have tumours in the oral and nasal mucosa. Variably sized multilobular tumour masses with irregular surface were noticed on the bulbar conjunctiva of the nictitating membrane in 17 dogs, on the conjunctiva of the upper eyelid in five dogs and on the conjunctiva of the lower eyelid and adjacent skin in three dogs. Deep ulcerative keratitis was observed in eight animals. TVT diagnosis was based on cytology and histopathology. The large eye masses were surgically excised. All dogs were treated with a single chemotherapeutic agent (vincristine). After four weeks of treatment, complete remission of the tumours was evident in all but one animal. Extragenital primary ophthalmic TVT can be completely eliminated by vincristine chemotherapy, while any further ocular damage is prevented with the combination of the above treatment and surgical excision.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular manifestations of canine transmissible venereal tumour: a retrospective study of 25 cases in Greece

Komnenou

Thomas

Kyriazis³

et al. 2015

Veterinary Record

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“…Metastasis is not frequent (0–17%), and is reported mainly in immunosuppressed dogs and puppies 4–8 . Reported metastatic sites include skin and subcutaneous tissue, 5,9 musculature, 2 regional lymph nodes, 10,11 tonsils, 11 eyes, 12,13 lung, 2 liver, 2,3 spleen, 2,14 kidney, 2 oral and nasal mucosa, peritoneum, 2 hypophysis, 15,16 brain, 12,17, 18 spinal cord 19 and bone marrow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extragenital transmissible venereal tumour associated with circulating neoplastic cells in an immunologically compromised dog

Albanese

Salerni

Giordano

et al. 2006

Vet Comparative Oncology

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An adult male intact boxer was presented because of diffuse cutaneous nodules. Fine-needle aspirate revealed transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) cells. Neoplastic cells were also observed in the peripheral blood. Associated simultaneous diseases included leishmaniosis, demodicosis, papillomatosis and coccidiosis. Immunosuppression may have aggravated disease and triggered widespread metastases. The dog was hospitalized and administered oral amoxicillin/clavulanate, subcutaneous meglumine antimonite to treat leishmaniosis and oral chlortetracycline to treat coccidiosis. Intravenous injection of vincristine at weekly interval was used to treat TVT. A rapid regression of cutaneous nodules was noted; however, intractable diarrhoea developed, eventually leading to death after 18 days. This is the first report describing an unusual case of extragenital TVT associated with circulating neoplastic cells in an immunosuppressed dog presenting with multiple cutaneous nodules.

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“…In both natural and experimental cases, CTVT grows rapidly (progressive stage) after transmission, followed by indolent growth (static phase) and spontaneous regression (regression phase) in immunocompetent animals (Perez et al, 1998). Metastasis is rare, occurring only in immunocompromised animals or puppies to lymph nodes, brain and liver (Adams and Slaughter, 1970;Manning and Martin, 1970;Yang, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour: Asessment of Mast Cell Numbers as Indicators of the Growth Phase

et al. 2006

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Mast cells are immune cells that are involved mainly in type 1 hypersensitivity reactions, and they have been implicated in tumour angiogenesis. In this study we assessed the presence of mast cell numbers and microvessel density during the progression and regression stages of natural spontaneous canine transmissible venereal tumours (CTVT). Mast cells were demonstrated by histochemical staining with toluidine blue, alcian blue and safranin O. Microvessel counts were demonstrated by immunohistochemical labelling with an antibody against the endothelial cell marker factor VIII. Mitotic cells, apoptotic cells and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes were counted from haematoxylin-eosin-stained sections. Tumour fibrosis was evaluated on Masson's trichome-stained sections. The results showed that progressing tumours had significantly higher mast cell counts and microvessel counts at the invasive edges of the tumours than did regressing tumours. In both the progressing and regressing tumours, microvessel counts were significantly positively correlated with mast cell counts. Regressing tumours had significantly higher mast cell counts of the whole tumour than progressing tumours. The results also showed that progressing tumours had significantly higher mitotic rate than regressing tumours, and fibrosis and apoptosis were significantly higher in regressing tumours than progressing tumours. There were no significant differences between the biochemical and haematological values of dogs with progressing and regressing tumours. These results suggests that mast cells play a role in CTVT progression probably by promoting vascularization at the invasion front during the progression phase, and that mast cell count could be used as one of the histological factors to indicate growth stage of CTVT.

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A Canine Venereal Tumor with Metastasis to the Brain

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

Ocular manifestations of canine transmissible venereal tumour: a retrospective study of 25 cases in Greece

Ocular manifestations of canine transmissible venereal tumour: a retrospective study of 25 cases in Greece

Extragenital transmissible venereal tumour associated with circulating neoplastic cells in an immunologically compromised dog

Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour: Asessment of Mast Cell Numbers as Indicators of the Growth Phase

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