A candidate auxin-responsive expression marker gene, EgIAA9, for somatic embryogenesis in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Ooi, Siew–Eng; Choo, Chin-Nee; Ishak, Zamzuri; Ong‐Abdullah, Meilina

doi:10.1007/s11240-012-0143-8

Cited by 39 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…A comparison of the transcriptional profiles of ARF s that were identified in the embryogenic cultures of various plants infers that the contribution of the individual ARF s to the mechanism of SE induction may differ between embryogenic cultures (Thibaud-Nissen et al 2003; Ooi et al 2012; Yang et al 2012; Xu et al 2013; Lin et al 2015; Indoliya et al 2016; Zheng et al 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profiling of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR genes during somatic embryogenesis induction in Arabidopsis

2017

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Key messageExtensive modulation of numerous ARF transcripts in the embryogenic culture of Arabidopsis indicates a substantial role of auxin signaling in the mechanism of somatic embryogenesis induction.AbstractSomatic embryogenesis (SE) is induced by auxin in plants and auxin signaling is considered to play a key role in the molecular mechanism that controls the embryogenic transition of plant somatic cells. Accordingly, the expression of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) genes in embryogenic culture of Arabidopsis was analyzed. The study revealed that 14 of the 22 ARFs were transcribed during SE in Arabidopsis. RT-qPCR analysis indicated that the expression of six ARFs (ARF5, ARF6, ARF8, ARF10, ARF16, and ARF17) was significantly up-regulated, whereas five other genes (ARF1, ARF2, ARF3, ARF11, and ARF18) were substantially down-regulated in the SE-induced explants. The activity of ARFs during SE was also monitored with GFP reporter lines and the ARFs that were expressed in areas of the explants engaged in SE induction were detected. A functional test of ARFs transcribed during SE was performed and the embryogenic potential of the arf mutants and overexpressor lines was evaluated. ARFs with a significantly modulated expression during SE coupled with an impaired embryogenic response of the relevant mutant and/or overexpressor line, including ARF1, ARF2, ARF3, ARF5, ARF6, ARF8, and ARF11 were indicated as possibly being involved in SE induction. The study provides evidence that embryogenic induction strongly depends on ARFs, which are key regulators of the auxin signaling. Some clues on the possible functions of the candidate ARFs, especially ARF5, in the mechanism of embryogenic transition are discussed. The results provide guidelines for further research on the auxin-related functional genomics of SE and the developmental plasticity of somatic cells.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00299-017-2114-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profiling of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR genes during somatic embryogenesis induction in Arabidopsis

2017

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“…In oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), EgIAA9, a gene member of the AUX/IAA family that is rapidly induced by Ax, was selected as a gene marker to measure the embryogenic potential of oil palm explants (Ooi et al 2012). In oil palm SE, callus is generated before the SE induction.…”

Section: Auxin Response During the Somatic Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Auxins During Somatic Embryogenesis

Nic-Can

Loyola‐Vargas

2016

Somatic Embryogenesis: Fundamental Aspects and Applications

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It is well known that auxins (Ax) and cytokinins (Ck) are key regulators of plant cell division and differentiation. These growth regulators can induce plant cell reprogramming. The balance between Ax and Ck during their application in the plant tissue culture determines the state of cell di-or dedifferentiation. Other plant growth regulators can also induce callus. However, Ax is the most widely used plant growth regulator to control organ regeneration, callus induction or somatic embryogenesis induction. Ax plays a central role in early and post-embryogenic plant development. Elegant studies have shown that temporal and spatial Ax distribution mediates important steps during the early embryo patterning formation of zygotic embryogenesis (ZE). The application of exogenous Ax into the culture medium can unbalance the endogenous of this growth regulator and modify the IAA metabolism inside the cell. In most of the cultures, it has been demonstrated that the removal of the exogenous Ax from of culture medium promotes the formation of embryogenic structures. The increment in the endogenous Ax regulates the expression of a great number of transcription factors, several of them related to stress. The other aspect about the homeostasis of Ax, which has an effect on the induction of somatic embryogenesis, is its transport. In this chapter, a revision and analysis about the role of Ax in different aspects of somatic embryogenesis is made.

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“…Nevertheless, in oil palm a reduction of ARF9 during the first days of culture in the presence of 2,4-D was found, but after days this condition changed by increasing the expression, suggesting that the ARF9 had overcome an initial suppression due to the addition of exogenous auxin to the culture medium (Ooi et al, 2012). Thus we can suggest a similar situation in our model, since ARF9 expression decreased during the pre-conditioning stage where exogenous auxin was added and rose until the last day of induction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "Transcriptome analysis of the induction of somatic embryogenesis in Coffea canephora and the participation of ARF and Aux/IAA genes (v0.1)"

Otoni¹

2019

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Background. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a useful biotechnological tool to study the morpho-physiological, biochemical and molecular processes during the development of Coffea canephora. Plant growth regulators (PGR) play a key role during cell differentiation in SE. The Auxin-response-factor (ARF) and Auxin/Indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) are fundamental components involved in the signaling of the IAA. The IAA signaling pathway activates or represses the expression of genes responsive to auxins during the embryogenic transition of the somatic cells. The growing development of new generation sequencing technologies (NGS), as well as bioinformatics tools, has allowed us to broaden the landscape of SE study of various plant species and identify the genes directly involved. Methods. Analysis of transcriptome expression profiles of the C. canephora genome and the identification of a particular set of differentially expressed genes (DEG) during SE are described in this study. Results. A total of eight ARF and seven Aux/IAA differentially expressed genes were identified during the different stages of the SE induction process. The quantitative expression analysis showed that ARF18 and ARF5 genes are highly expressed after 21 days of the SE induction, while Aux/IAA7 and Aux/IAA12 genes are repressed. Discussion. The results of this study allow a better understanding of the genes involved in the auxin signaling pathway as well as their expression profiles during the SE process.

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A candidate auxin-responsive expression marker gene, EgIAA9, for somatic embryogenesis in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Cited by 39 publications

References 46 publications

Expression profiling of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR genes during somatic embryogenesis induction in Arabidopsis

Expression profiling of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR genes during somatic embryogenesis induction in Arabidopsis

The Role of the Auxins During Somatic Embryogenesis

Peer Review #2 of "Transcriptome analysis of the induction of somatic embryogenesis in Coffea canephora and the participation of ARF and Aux/IAA genes (v0.1)"

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