A Broadband, Background-Free Quarter-Wave Plate Based on Plasmonic Metasurfaces

Yu, Nanfang; Aieta, Francesco; Genevet, Patrice; Kats, Mikhail A.; Gaburro, Z.; Capasso, Federico

doi:10.1021/nl303445u

Cited by 1,092 publications

(776 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…A metasurface is formed by distributing subwavelength resonant particles with different geometries and materials on a 2D surface, and therefore is able to manipulate both amplitudes and phases of electromagnetic (EM) waves, enabling many extraordinary functionalities such as the polarization conversion,,13, 14, 15, 16, 17 perfect absorption,18, 19, 20 and amplitude and phase modulations 21, 22. The generalized Snell's law proposed in 200123 has sped up the development of metasurfaces in the past a few years, enabling a lot of interesting devices to manipulate microwaves,24, 25, 26 terahertz waves,27, 28 and visible lights 29, 30, 31…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convolution Operations on Coding Metasurface to Reach Flexible and Continuous Controls of Terahertz Beams

et al. 2016

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The concept of coding metasurface makes a link between physically metamaterial particles and digital codes, and hence it is possible to perform digital signal processing on the coding metasurface to realize unusual physical phenomena. Here, this study presents to perform Fourier operations on coding metasurfaces and proposes a principle called as scattering‐pattern shift using the convolution theorem, which allows steering of the scattering pattern to an arbitrarily predesigned direction. Owing to the constant reflection amplitude of coding particles, the required coding pattern can be simply achieved by the modulus of two coding matrices. This study demonstrates that the scattering patterns that are directly calculated from the coding pattern using the Fourier transform have excellent agreements to the numerical simulations based on realistic coding structures, providing an efficient method in optimizing coding patterns to achieve predesigned scattering beams. The most important advantage of this approach over the previous schemes in producing anomalous single‐beam scattering is its flexible and continuous controls to arbitrary directions. This work opens a new route to study metamaterial from a fully digital perspective, predicting the possibility of combining conventional theorems in digital signal processing with the coding metasurface to realize more powerful manipulations of electromagnetic waves.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convolution Operations on Coding Metasurface to Reach Flexible and Continuous Controls of Terahertz Beams

et al. 2016

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“…(15), (18) and (22), the effective surface electric admittance due to the two electric metasurfaces is obtained as…”

Section: Effective Surface Electric Admittancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a promising way to manipulate electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation because of the designable feature of its surface impedance, which uniquely determines the EM field behavior. Many novel metasurface devices have been proposed so far, such as planar chiral plates [10], holography [11], spin-controlled photonics [12], wave orbital angular momentum manipulations [13][14][15][16], polarization converters and quarter-wave plates [17,18], flat lens and focusing [19][20][21][22], and Huygens metasurfaces [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Impedance Synthesis Using Parallel Planar Electric Metasurfaces

Zhu¹

2017

PIER

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Abstract-Metasurfaces, due to its designable surface electric and magnetic impedances, have largely enhanced electromagnetic wave manipulation techniques. The conventional approach to realize the surface magnetic impedance requires non-planar structures, such as metallic loops, which is not easy to fabricate, especially at optical frequencies. In this work, we theoretically and rigorously prove that effective surface magnetic and electric impedances can be obtained using parallel electric metasurfaces. A synthesis method is presented which allows independent designs of surface electric and magnetic impedances. Finally, a polarization converter with high energy efficiency is designed using the proposed impedance synthesis method for verification. The proposed synthesis method is favorable for reducing fabrication complexities.

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“…2c. The net consequence is that 4 such devices are blazed only at the nominal wavelength λ 0 , and as one departs from λ 0 , the efficiency drops: light is scattered into spurious orders.The present design seriously challenges this classical limitation by carefully exploiting the highly dispersive nature of mesoscopic metamaterials [21][22][23][24]. Figure 2b shows the frequency dependence of the maximum and minimum effective indices of the metamaterials used at the extremities of the grating periods.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband and Efficient Diffraction

Ribot

Lee

Collin

et al. 2013

Advanced Optical Materials

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Abstract:Surface topography dictates the deterministic functionality of diffraction by a surface. In order to maximize the efficiency with which a diffractive optical component, such as a grating or a diffractive lens, directs light into a chosen order of diffraction, it is necessary that it be "blazed". The efficiency of most diffractive optical components reported so far varies with the wavelength, and blazing is achieved only at a specific nominal energy, the blaze wavelength. The existence of spurious light in undesirable orders represents a severe limitation that prevents using diffractive components in broadband systems. Here we experimentally demonstrate that broadband blazing over almost one octave can be achieved by combining advanced optical design strategies and artificial dielectric materials that offer dispersion chromatism much stronger than those of conventional bulk materials. The possibility of maintaining an efficient funneling of the energy into a specific order over a broad spectral range may empower advanced research to achieve greater control over the propagation of light, leading to more compact, efficient and versatile optical components.The basic principles for tailoring the electromagnetic field of free-space optical waves and the physics of reflection, refraction and diffraction on which it is based, have been well understood for a very long time. However, until relatively recently the whole of optical technology has been limited by the very reasonable constraint that optical systems can only be designed to be made from materials that are actually available. This paradigm is presently challenged with the introduction of electromagnetic metamaterials [1], which are artificially engineered structures that have effective dielectric or magnetic constitutive parameters not attainable with naturally occurring materials. Here we study graded metamaterial films composed of mesoscopic holes and pillars etched in a semiconductor substrate. Under illumination by an incident light whose wavelength is slightly larger than the indentation dimensions, the film implements unusually strong chromatic dispersions of the effective refractive-indices. We suggest that the fusion of low-cost lithographic techniques with this new 2 design strategy will play a central role in devising diffractive optical components that remain blazed over a broad range of energies. Our first generation device, fabricated with fully standard semiconductor processes in a GaAs wafer, offers an efficient funnelling of the incident energy into a single diffraction orders over almost an octave.The common way to achieve perfect blazing into a specific diffraction order is to imprint the incident electromagnetic field with a gradual phase variation that varies by exactly 2π from one side of a diffractive zone to the other. Echelette profiles with triangular grooves are common examples which have been manufactured for the last century [2]. The 2π-phase jump is in general achieved at a single energy, the blaze wavelength. Illuminated at...

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A Broadband, Background-Free Quarter-Wave Plate Based on Plasmonic Metasurfaces

Cited by 1,092 publications

References 39 publications

Convolution Operations on Coding Metasurface to Reach Flexible and Continuous Controls of Terahertz Beams

Convolution Operations on Coding Metasurface to Reach Flexible and Continuous Controls of Terahertz Beams

Surface Impedance Synthesis Using Parallel Planar Electric Metasurfaces

Broadband and Efficient Diffraction

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