A brief review on the mechanical behavior of nonwoven fabrics

Abstract

Although nonwovens used in many areas from civil and mechanical engineering to consumer products, research on their mechanical behavior are rather limited in the literature. In this study, a brief overview is presented on the previous research performed to understand the relation between the microstructure and the mechanical behavior of these materials. The research studies are categorized into five sections declining with tensile, creep, bending, dynamic and damage behavior. For each type of behavior, previous research is discussed briefly following by that of the last few years. The review demonstrates that the tensile behavior is understood well whereas there is a limited number of studies in bending and dynamic behavior of nonwoven materials. Future research is expected to be more related on the in-service behavior.

Two-Dimensional Hybrid Nanosheet-Based Supercapacitors: From Building Block Architecture, Fiber Assembly, and Fabric Construction to Wearable Applications

“…The mechanical strength of fabric is highly related to the precursor species (polymer materials, carbon materials and 2D materials) and chemical cross-linking manner, which is greatly affected by the parameters of fiber cross-linking bond points, fiber orientation/arrangement, and fiber curl distribution. Generally, abundant cross-linking bond points between adjacent fibers can guarantee that the fabric presents higher bending stresses and excellent extensibility, which are comparatively important for real-life applications …”

“…Generally, abundant cross-linking bond points between adjacent fibers can guarantee that the fabric presents higher bending stresses and excellent extensibility, which are comparatively important for real-life applications. 129 As shown in Figure 8a, Gao et al developed nonwoven graphene fabrics by wet spinning assembly. 89 Benefiting from the wet-fusing chemical cross-linking of GO gel fibers, the graphene fabric exhibited a porous microstructure, lightweight (density: 0.22 g cm −3 ), and good Young's modulus (29.9 MPa).…”

Megaporous monolithic adsorbents for bioproduct recovery as prepared on the basis of nonwoven fabrics

“…This facilitated homogeneous packing by in situ swelling of bed, utilizing a low linear flow velocity (60 cm/h) for 20 CVs. The resulting packed nonwoven fabric displayed fabrics that are bonded together forming a continuous web structure [11]. Despite this, the bed was highly porous in nature (porosity ≥ 82%), a fact that prevented any backpressure to develop.…”

“…As an alternative to chemical synthesis, (mega)porous systems can be prepared with nonwoven fabrics as backbones for adsorbent construction. Nonwoven fabrics are broadly defined as web structures bonded together directly from irregularly arranged fibers or molten polymers by chemical, thermal, mechanical, or other processes avoiding the intermediate step of knitting or weaving [11]. This adsorbent can be attractive in biomanufacturing due to cost-effectiveness, physical and chemical robustness, and the available options of surface chemistries [12].…”

Potential fabric-reinforced composites: a comprehensive review

“…Generally, nonwoven fabrics are considered advanced materials produced from short and long fibers (chopped/irregular fibers) that are bonded through mechanical and chemical processes or through the application of different solvents [51].…”