A Brief Review on Dna Vaccines in the Era of COVID-19

Shafaati, Maryam; Saidijam, Massoud; Soleimani, Meysam; Hazrati, Fereshte; Mirzaei, Rasoul; Amirheidari, Bagher; Tanzadehpanah, Hamid; Karampoor, Sajad; Kazemi, Sima; Yavari, Bahram; Mahaki, Hanie; Safaei, Mohsen; Rahbarizadeh, Fatemeh; Samadi, Pouria; Ahmadyousefi, Yaghoub

doi:10.2217/fvl-2021-0170

Cited by 71 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“… 8 , 9 , 21 Identifying the host genetic elements implicated in SARS‐CoV‐2 disease might contribute to the emergence of innovative therapeutic approaches for the prophylaxis and clinical monitoring of this disease using a precision medicine strategy. 22 , 23 As there is a paucity of information on genetics and SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenicity, the objectives of this paper were to explore the role of genetic variants and host polymorphisms in specific viral entry and immune responses related to clinical consequences of COVID‐19 in humans to design future clinical implementation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of genetic variants and host polymorphisms on COVID‐19: From viral entrance mechanisms to immunological reactions

Adli

Rahimi

Khodaie

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by a highly pathogenic emerging virus, is called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of this virus is in infancy; however, investigation on the pathogenic mechanisms of the SARS‐CoV‐2 is underway. In COVID‐19, one of the most remarkable characteristics is the wide range of disease manifestation and severity seen across individuals of different ethnic backgrounds and geographical locations. To effectively manage COVID‐19 in the populations, beyond SARS‐CoV‐2 detection, serological response assessment, and analytic techniques, it is critical to obtain knowledge about at‐risk individuals and comprehend the identified variations in the disease's severity in general and also in the populations' levels. Several factors can contribute to variation in disease presentation, including population density, gender and age differences, and comorbid circumstances including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. Genetic factors presumably influence SARS‐CoV‐2 infection susceptibility. Besides this, COVID‐19 has also been linked with a higher risk of mortality in men and certain ethnic groups, revealing that host genetic characteristics may affect the individual risk of death. Also, genetic variants involved in pathologic processes, including virus entrance into cells, antiviral immunity, and inflammatory response, are not entirely understood. Regarding SARS‐CoV‐2 infection characteristics, the present review suggests that various genetic polymorphisms influence virus pathogenicity and host immunity, which might have significant implications for understanding and interpreting the matter of genetics in SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenicity and customized integrative medical care based on population investigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of genetic variants and host polymorphisms on COVID‐19: From viral entrance mechanisms to immunological reactions

Adli

Rahimi

Khodaie

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Notably, the DNA vaccine approach also consists of a similar procedure except for the in vitro transcription and other mRNA-related steps meaning that the manufacturing is simpler and time-saving [ 15 ]. Besides, DNA vaccines are characterized by a number of advantages over the conventional and even mRNA vaccines [ 41 ]. They are innately safe [ 42 ] as the vectors are not live, and hence cannot cause infection unlike vaccines based on viral vectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DNA vaccines are much more stable [ 43 ] as they exhibit stability at ambient temperatures, and do not have toxicity problems compared with mRNA vaccines [ 44 , 45 ]. DNA vaccine can be administered via intradermal, intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous, intranasal, and intranodal routes and manifest favorable immune response [ 41 ]. Additionally, DNA vaccines in clinical trials show a high safety profile [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most importantly, the very first DNA vaccine in humans that targets COVID-19 has recently obtained authorization for emergency use in India, 20 August 2021 [ 51 ]. Moreover, there is a number of DNA vaccines in phases 1, 2, or 3 of clinical development [ 51 , 52 ] while some are in the step of preclinical studies [ 41 ]. Most of the upcoming SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccines are based on the whole S-protein [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of DNA Vaccine Candidate against SARS-CoV-2

Wang

Rcheulishvili

Cai

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Despite the existence of various types of vaccines and the involvement of the world’s leading pharmaceutical companies, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains the most challenging health threat in this century. Along with the increased transmissibility, new strains continue to emerge leading to the need for more vaccines that would elicit protectiveness and safety against the new strains of the virus. Nucleic acid vaccines seem to be the most effective approach in case of a sudden outbreak of infection or the emergence of a new strain as it requires less time than any conventional vaccine development. Hence, in the current study, a DNA vaccine encoding the trimeric prefusion-stabilized ectodomain (S1+S2) of SARS-CoV-2 S-protein was designed by introducing six additional prolines mutation, termed HexaPro. The three-dose regimen of designed DNA vaccine immunization in mice demonstrated the generation of protective antibodies.

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“…), setbacks include the requirement of special devices for the delivery of plasmid through the plasma and nuclear membranes of host cells (e.g., electroporation, gene gun, or needle-free syringes) [ 22 ]. Moreover, even with these delivery systems, DNA vaccine immunogenicity in humans has been significantly less than expected from preclinical studies in small animals and non-human primates [ 23 , 24 ], and, therefore, is not currently applicable for mass vaccination. This report focuses on developing a homologous recombinant protein vaccine, PV-1950R, and comparing the immunogenicity of PV-1950R formulated in Advax CpG adjuvant (PV-1950R/A) with its DNA counterpart PV-1950D in the same mouse model of DLB/PD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity of MultiTEP-Platform-Based Recombinant Protein Vaccine, PV-1950R, Targeting Three B-Cell Antigenic Determinants of Pathological α-Synuclein

Zagorski

Chailyan

Hovakimyan

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are characterized by the aberrant accumulation of intracytoplasmic misfolded and aggregated α-synuclein (α-Syn), resulting in neurodegeneration associated with inflammation. The propagation of α-Syn aggregates from cell to cell is implicated in the spreading of pathological α-Syn in the brain and disease progression. We and others demonstrated that antibodies generated after active and passive vaccinations could inhibit the propagation of pathological α-Syn in the extracellular space and prevent/inhibit disease/s in the relevant animal models. We recently tested the immunogenicity and efficacy of four DNA vaccines on the basis of the universal MultiTEP platform technology in the DLB/PD mouse model. The antibodies generated by these vaccines efficiently reduced/inhibited the accumulation of pathological α-Syn in the different brain regions and improved the motor deficit of immunized female mice. The most immunogenic and preclinically effective vaccine, PV-1950D, targeting three B-cell epitopes of pathological α-Syn simultaneously, has been selected for future IND-enabling studies. However, to ensure therapeutically potent concentrations of α-Syn antibodies in the periphery of the vaccinated elderly, we developed a recombinant protein-based MultiTEP vaccine, PV-1950R/A, and tested its immunogenicity in young and aged D-line mice. Antibody responses induced by immunizations with the PV-1950R/A vaccine and its homologous DNA counterpart, PV-1950D, in a mouse model of PD/DLB have been compared.

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A Brief Review on Dna Vaccines in the Era of COVID-19

Cited by 71 publications

References 121 publications

Role of genetic variants and host polymorphisms on COVID‐19: From viral entrance mechanisms to immunological reactions

Role of genetic variants and host polymorphisms on COVID‐19: From viral entrance mechanisms to immunological reactions

Development of DNA Vaccine Candidate against SARS-CoV-2

Immunogenicity of MultiTEP-Platform-Based Recombinant Protein Vaccine, PV-1950R, Targeting Three B-Cell Antigenic Determinants of Pathological α-Synuclein

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