A brief review of hole transporting materials commonly used in perovskite solar cells

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been brought into sharp focus in the photovoltaic field due to their excellent performance in recent years. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) has reached to be 25.2% in state-ofthe-art PSCs due to the outstanding intrinsic properties of perovskite materials as well as progressive optimization of each functional layer, especially the active layer and hole transporting layer (HTL). In this review, we mainly discuss various hole transporting materials (HTMs) consisting of HTL in PSCs. The progress in PSCs is firstly introduced, then the roles of HTL playing in photovoltaic performance improvement of PSCs are emphasized. Finally, we generally categorize HTMs into organic and inorganic groups and demonstrate both their advantages and disadvantages. Specially, we introduce several typical organic HTMs such as P3HT, PTTA, PEDOT:PSS, spiro-OMeTAD, and inorganic HTMs such as copper-based materials (CuO x , CuSCN, CuI, etc.), nickel-based materials (NiO x ), and twodimensional layered materials (MoS 2 , WS 2 , etc.). On basis of reviewing the reported HTMs in recent years, we expect to provide some enlightenment for design and application of novel HTMs that can be used to further promote PSCs performance.

Modulation of Perovskite Grain Boundaries by Electron Donor–Acceptor Zwitterions R,R-Diphenylamino-phenyl-pyridinium-(CH2)n-sulfonates: All-Round Improvement on the Solar Cell Performance

“… 13 Unfortunately, most PSCs possess significantly lower hole mobility compared with its electron mobility. 14 , 15 …”

“…For example, Wang et al mixed perovskite and the alcohol-soluble fullerene derivative to make a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) PSC with a more balanced charge carrier extraction and enlarged interfacial area. 50 However, most reports on carrier transport balance focused on hole transport materials (HTMs), 15 electron transport materials, 14 or interface engineering, 51 while passivating molecules that modulate hole/electron balance and simultaneously solve various stability issues are obscure.…”

Mathematical Modelling And Simulation of CH3NH3Pb(I1-Xbrx)3 Based Perovskite Solar Cells For High Efficiency

“…Performance of the perovskite layer can be improved by utilization of an appropriate ETM which withdraws the photoelectron produced by the absorber material & the HTM which promotes the formation of holes. TiO2, ZnO, CdZnS and SnO2 are the materials used as ETLs [6][7][8][9][10] while CuI, CuO, P3HT, Spiro-OMeTAD, Cu2O, CuSCN CuSbS2 are the materials used as HTLs [11][12][13]. The stability & efficiency of perovskite solar cells are eminently relying on characteristics & genre of these layers.…”

An improved assessment of high efficiency heterojunction perovskite solar cell employing InxGa1-xAs as efficient hole transport layer

“…As a result, new types of HTM must be sought. CuI [8], CuSCN [9], Cu2O [10], NiO [11], and V2O5 [12] are examples of inorganic p-type materials that can be used as HTM to minimize the cost of the PSC while also improving its stability. To minimise carrier recombination, the search for a suitable inorganic HTM must be directed by the necessity for high carrier mobility, low cost, and a defect-free interface with the absorbing layer [13].…”