A brief on new waves of monkeypox and vaccines and antiviral drugs for monkeypox

Hung, Yuan‐Pin; Lee, Ching Chi; Lee, Jen-Chieh; Chiu, Chien‐Liang; Hsueh, Po‐Ren; Ko, Wen Chien

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2022.08.016

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Over 300,000 compounds were screened for against orthopox virus, and the best activity was observed in tricyclononene carboxamides, and after testing analogs, the lead candidate, a 4-trifluoromethyl phenol derivative, was initially named ST-246.Tecovirimat inhibits the production of extracellular viruses by interacting with the F13L gene product, which is a phospholipase involved in the formation of a protein complex that catalyzes the envelopment of intracellular mature virus particles. [34,35] 11.1.3. Brincidofovir: Brincidofovir (BCV or hexadecyloxypropyl-cidofovir [HDPCDV]), initially named CMX001, is a lipid conjugate of cidofovir (CDV).…”

Section: Tecovirimatmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Monkeypox

-¹,

-²,

-³

et al. 2023

IJFMR

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Monkeypox is a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by a DNA virus that belongs to the orthopox virus genus of the Poxviridae family. After the eradication of smallpox in 1980, monkeypox has gradually emerged as the most important orthopox virus from a public health perspective. Monkeypox typically causes fever, chills, rash, and lesions on the face or genitals. MPXV (monkeypox virus) is considered a large virus that measures about 200–250 nm with the appearance “brick-like” or ovoid shape, The virus’s original source is wild animals. It can be found in a variety of mammals including squirrels, mangabey monkeys, and Gambian rats. Viral transmission can occur through direct and indirect contact with live or dead animals, including handling wild game, a bite or scratch, or contact with fluids or lesions from an infected animal. Human-to-human transmission likely occurs through contact with lesions, body fluids, contaminated bedding or clothing, and exposure to respiratory droplets from infected persons. Animal-to-human transmission of MPXV may occur via animal bites or scratches by infected small mammals, including rodents and nonhuman primates, or through the consumption of bush meat. Any patient with a fever and disseminated vesicular or pustular rash should be immediately placed on airborne and contact precautions, as these are the classic symptoms of Orthopox virus infections. smallpox antivirals with poxvirus activity, such as cidofovir, brincidofovir, and tecovirimat, are active against the monkeypox virus. Monkeypox is usually a self-limiting disease; however, new-borns, children, and people with underlying immune deficiencies may be at risk of more serious illness and death.

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Section: Tecovirimatmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Monkeypox

-¹,

-²,

-³

et al. 2023

IJFMR

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“…15,16 Therefore, early detection is the global consensus for preventing and controlling this epidemic. 17 Currently, the conventional MPXV detection methods mainly include virus isolation and culture, serological detection, and viral nucleic acid detection. Virus isolation and culture have been the "gold standard" for virus identification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, 99% of cases occur in countries where MPXV was not previously endemic . There is no specific treatment for MPXV infection. , Therefore, early detection is the global consensus for preventing and controlling this epidemic …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Detection of the Monkeypox Virus Genome and Antigen Proteins Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Zhang

Jiang

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The conventional detection methods cannot satisfy the need for early and rapid detection of monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection. This is due to complicated pretreatment, time consumption, and complex operation of the diagnostic tests. Based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), this study attempted to capture the characteristic fingerprints of the MPXV genome and multiple antigenic proteins without the need to design specific probes. The minimum detection limit of this method is 100 copies/mL, with good reproducibility and signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, the relationship between characteristic peak intensity and the protein and nucleic acid concentration can be used to construct a concentration-dependent spectral line with a good linear relationship. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) could identify the SERS spectra of four different MPXV proteins in serum. Therefore, this rapid detection method in the current outbreak of monkeypox control and the future response to possible new outbreaks has broad application prospects.

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“…When monkeypox is complicated with septicemia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, and other diseases, the death rate could be as high as 10% ( Patel et al, 2022 ; Rizk et al, 2022 ). Up to now, some antiviral drugs and vaccines initially developed in smallpox have been approved for the treatment and prevention of monkeypox ( Hung et al, 2022 ). But the effects of the treatment and prevention are still being investigated ( Shamim et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of Xuanbai Chengqi decoction on monkeypox disease through the estrone-target AR interaction

Jiao,

Shi,

Sun

2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionAfter COVID-19, there was an outbreak of a new infectious disease caused by monkeypox virus. So far, no specific drug has been found to treat it. Xuanbai Chengqi decoction (XBCQD) has shown effects against a variety of viruses in China.MethodsWe searched for the active compounds and potential targets for XBCQD from multiple open databases and literature. Monkeypox related targets were searched out from the OMIM and GeneCards databases. After determining the assumed targets of XBCQD for monkeypox treatment, we built the PPI network and used R for GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis. The interactions between the active compounds and the hub targets were investigated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.ResultsIn total, 5 active compounds and 10 hub targets of XBCQD were screened out. GO enrichment and KEGG analysis demonstrated that XBCQD plays a therapeutic role in monkeypox mainly by regulating signaling pathways related to viral infection and inflammatory response. The main active compound estrone binding to target AR was confirmed to be the best therapy choice for monkeypox.DiscussionThis study systematically explored the interactions between the bioactive compounds of XBCQD and the monkeypox-specific XBCQD targets using network pharmacological methods, bioinformatics analyses and molecular simulations, suggesting that XBCQD could have a beneficial therapeutic effect on monkeypox by reducing the inflammatory damage and viral replication via multiple pathways. The use of XBCQD on monkeypox disease was confirmed to be best worked through the estrone-target AR interaction. Our work could provide evidence and guidance for further research on the treatment of monkeypox disease.

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A brief on new waves of monkeypox and vaccines and antiviral drugs for monkeypox

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

A Review on Monkeypox

A Review on Monkeypox

Rapid Detection of the Monkeypox Virus Genome and Antigen Proteins Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

The use of Xuanbai Chengqi decoction on monkeypox disease through the estrone-target AR interaction

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