A brief method for assessing expressed emotion in relatives of psychiatric patients

Magaña, Ana B.; Goldstein, Michael J.; Karno, Marvin; Miklowitz, David J.; Jenkins, Janis H.; Falloon, Ian R. H.

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(86)90049-1

Cited by 719 publications

(713 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

686

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The Five Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) task was conducted and coded according to the method described by Magana et al (1986). Parents were asked to describe their child and their relationship for five minutes without interruption.…”

Section: Speech Preparation Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperament, Family Environment and Anxiety in Preschool Children

Hudson

Dodd

Bovopoulos

2011

J Abnorm Child Psychol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Speech Preparation Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperament, Family Environment and Anxiety in Preschool Children

Hudson

Dodd

Bovopoulos

2011

J Abnorm Child Psychol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…A negative relationship rating was scored when parents indicated that they and their child do not get along together or are unable to communicate. Parents were scored as borderline CRIT if they expressed dissatisfaction with their child, but it was not extreme enough to be rated as a criticism (Magana et al, 1986). A high EOI rating was assigned if the parent expressed self-sacrificing or overprotective behavior, displayed excessive emotion (crying), or provided five or more positive remarks about the child combined with a statement of affection or excessive detail about the child's past.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EE is assessed via interview or an open-ended query posed to the parent or caregiver. Commonly, EE is measured using the Five-Minute Speech Sample (Magana et al, 1986) wherein caregivers are asked to describe their child and their relationship with him/her and responses are coded for two different components of EE-criticism (CRIT) and emotional overinvolvement (EOI), with a high score on either indicating a "High EE profile." Despite this convention, researchers have recently favored dismantling the overarching EE construct into its separate CRIT and EOI components, particularly in child samples (Hirshfeld, Biederman, Brody, & Faraone, 1997;McCarty & Weisz, 2002;Stubbe et al, 1993;Wamboldt, O'Connor, Wamboldt, Gavin, & Klinnert, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent-Child Interactions in Relation to Critical and Emotionally Overinvolved Expressed Emotion (EE): Is EE a Proxy for Behavior?

McCarty

Lau

Valeri

et al. 2004

J Abnorm Child Psychol

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Expressed emotion measures, encompassing dimensions of criticism (CRIT), and emotional overinvolvement (EOI) are increasingly being used to assess the parent-child relationship in child clinical populations, despite the lack of studies assessing their validity. We examined the correspondence between CRIT, EOI, and parent-child interactions as observed by neutral coders in a sample of 252 clinic-referred children and adolescents, ages 7-17 years. We found support for the validity of the CRIT code, with high critical parents showing more antagonism, negativity, disgust, harshness, and less responsiveness, compared to parents who scored in the low or borderline ranges. In contrast, none of the observed behaviors were found to correspond with parental EOI, suggesting either that this construct lacks validity with juvenile samples or that behaviors that correspond to EOI are difficult to observe. We conclude that high parental CRIT can be used as an index of problematic parent-child interactions. Keywords expressed emotion; parent-child interaction; criticism; emotional overinvolvementEvidence is accumulating that some childhood disorders, such as depression, are associated with low levels of family support (Barrera & Garrison-Jones, 1992;Feldman, Rubenstein, & Rubin, 1988), high family conflict Wierson, Forehand, & McCombs, 1988), or poor family relations (Puig-Antich et al., 1993). Expressed emotion (EE) is one measure that has been used to assess the parent-child relationship among adults, and more recently children, with psychological disorders. Having a caregiver score high on the EE measure has been associated with poorer outcome for adults with mood, anxiety, and schizophrenic disorders, and with the presence of internalizing and externalizing disorders for children (Asarnow, Tompson, Woo, & Cantwell, 2001;Butzlaff & Hooley. 1998; Stubbe, Zahner, Goldstein, & Leckman, 1993;Vostanis, Nicholls, & Harrington, 1994). The assumption underlying EE is that the way parents talk about a child is indicative of the way they treat the child on a day-to-day basis (Chambless, Bryan, Aiken, 6 Address all correspondence to Carolyn A. McCarty, PhD, Child Health Institute, University of Washington, Box 354920, Seattle, Washington, 98195-4920; e-mail:cmccarty@u.washington.edu.. Steketee, & Hooley, 1999). Given the suggested association between parent-child interactions and these disorders and given the increasing use of EE as an index of dyadic relationship problems within the family, it is important to know whether the expressed emotion measure actually corresponds to such interactions. NIH Public AccessEE is assessed via interview or an open-ended query posed to the parent or caregiver. Commonly, EE is measured using the Five-Minute Speech Sample (Magana et al., 1986) wherein caregivers are asked to describe their child and their relationship with him/her and responses are coded for two different components of EE-criticism (CRIT) and emotional overinvolvement (EOI), with a high score on either indicating a "High EE...

show abstract

“…Critical comments (CC) was derived from Five-Minute Speech Samples (FMSS; Magaňa et al, 1986). The FMSS requires the individual to express his or her thoughts and feelings about the relative or partner and their relationship in a 5 min monologue.…”

Section: Measures Of Perceived Criticism Critical Comments Depressimentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived criticism: Associations with perceiver characteristics and interpersonal behaviour

Gerlsma¹,

Duijn²,

Hale³

et al. 2009

Psychiatry Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oPerceived Criticism (PC) evolved in the context of Expressed Emotion (EE) research and, like EE, predicts the course of various psychiatric disorders. However, little is known about PC's validity. We examined (in Study 1) to what extent PC reflects the perceiver's current depressive and marital complaints, whether PC measures reciprocal criticism that characterizes dyads rather than individuals, and (in Study 2) whether PC reflects actual interactive behaviour. Both studies compared a single-item with a multi-item measure of PC. In Study 1, general community couples completed self-reports of PC, depressed mood, and marital dissatisfaction, and expressed their feelings in a brief EE interview (Five Minute Speech Samples). Multilevel analyses suggested that PC was associated with both partners' expressions of criticism, and the perceiver's depressive and marital complaints. In Study 2, general community couples completed self-reports of PC and participated in a videotaped problem solving interaction. Interactions were coded with the Kategorien system für partnerschaftliche Interaktion (KPI). PC was related to the partner's verbal and nonverbal expression of criticism and the perceiver's expression of nonverbal negative behaviour. Overall, the pattern of findings fits in well with theoretical formulations regarding EE, and supports the usefulness of PC measures as practical alternatives for the assessment of EE.

show abstract

A brief method for assessing expressed emotion in relatives of psychiatric patients

Cited by 719 publications

References 12 publications

Temperament, Family Environment and Anxiety in Preschool Children

Temperament, Family Environment and Anxiety in Preschool Children

Parent-Child Interactions in Relation to Critical and Emotionally Overinvolved Expressed Emotion (EE): Is EE a Proxy for Behavior?

Perceived criticism: Associations with perceiver characteristics and interpersonal behaviour

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About