A breakdown in macromolecular synthesis preceding differentiation in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)

Granozzi, C.; Billetta, Rosario; Passantino, Rosa; Sollazzo, Maurizio; Am, Puglia

doi:10.1099/00221287-136-4-713

Cited by 59 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Since A-factor did not restore normal mycelium formation, its presence appears not to play a determining role. It is also noteworthy that Granozzi et al (1990) reported a transitory cessation of macromolecular synthesis (particularly of RNA) just before aerial mycelium was formed in S . coelicolor A3(2).…”

Section: Idiscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A relaxed (rel) mutant of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) with a missing ribosomal protein lacks the ability to accumulate ppGpp, A-factor and prodigiosin

Ochi¹

1990

Journal of General Microbiology

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A relaxed (ref) mutant was found among 70 thiopeptin-resistant isolates of Streptomyces coeficofor A3(2) which arose spontaneously. The ability of the ref mutant to accumulate ppGpp during Casamino acid deprivation was reduced 10-fold compared to the wild-type. Analysis of the ribosomal proteins by two-dimensional PAGE revealed that the mutant lacked a ribosomal protein, tentatively designated ST-L11. It was therefore classified as a vefC mutant. The mutant was defective in producing A-factor and the pigmented antibiotic prodigiosin, in both liquid and agar cultures, but produced agarase normally. Production of actinorhodin, another pigmented antibiotic, was also abnormal; it appeared suddenly in agar cultures after 10 d incubation. Although aerial mycelium still formed, its appearance was markedly delayed. Whereas liquid cultures of the parent strain accumulated ppGpp, agar cultures accumulated only trace amounts. Instead, a substance characterized only as an unidentified HPLC peak accumulated intracellularly in the late growth phase, just before aerial mycelium formation and antibiotic production. This substance did not accumulate in mutant cells. It was found in S. fividans 66 and S.parvufus, but not in seven other Streptomyces species tested. The significance of these observations, and the relationship of the mutant to earlier ref isolates of Streptomyces is discussed.

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Section: Idiscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A relaxed (rel) mutant of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) with a missing ribosomal protein lacks the ability to accumulate ppGpp, A-factor and prodigiosin

Ochi¹

1990

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…These mycelial bacteria follow a complex developmental program that includes two types of interrelated differentiation i.e., (i) a morphological differentiation where aerial hyphae, whose tips ends will differentiate into spores, arise from the substrate (vegetative) mycelium and (ii) a physiological/metabolic differentiation characterized by the production of the so-called secondary metabolites. The onset of both types of differentiation correlates with one of the most sophisticated examples of a programmed cell death (PCD) process in prokaryotes (Granozzi et al 1990;Miguelez et al 1999). The latest model suggests two rounds of PCD during Streptomyces life cycle (Manteca et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second round of PCD starts when this mycelium produce surfactants-like peptides/proteins necessary for aerial growth (Claessen et al 2006). This round of PCD is thought to correspond to the short period of growth cessation called the transition phase that takes places during the exponential growth and is followed by a slower regain of growth before entry into stationary phase (Granozzi et al 1990;Puglia et al 1995;Manteca et al 2005). The cell death paroxysm at the transition phase causes intensive release of intracellular compounds into the extracellular environment (Manteca et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular sugar phosphates are assimilated by Streptomyces in a PhoP-dependent manner

Tenconi

Jourdan

Motté

et al. 2012

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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Filamentous microorganisms of the bacterial genus Streptomyces have a complex life cycle that includes physiological and morphological differentiations. It is now fairly well accepted that lysis of Streptomyces vegetative mycelium induced by programmed cell death (PCD) provides the required nutritive sources for the bacterium to erect sporeforming aerial hyphae. However, little is known regarding cellular compounds released during PCD and the contribution of these molecules to the feeding of surviving cells in order to allow them to reach the late stages of the developmental program. In this work we assessed the effect of extracellular sugar phosphates (that are likely to be released in the environment upon cell lysis) on the differentiation processes.We demonstrated that the supply of phosphorylated sugars, under inorganic phosphate limitation, delays the occurrence of the second round of PCD, blocks streptomycetes life cycle at the vegetative state and inhibits antibiotic production. The mechanism by which sugar phosphates affect development was shown to involve genes of the Pho regulon that are under the positive control of the two component system PhoR/PhoP. Indeed, the inactivation of the response regulator phoP of Streptomyces lividans prevented the 'sugar phosphate effect' whereas the S. lividans ppk (polyphosphate kinase) deletion mutant, known to overexpress the Pho regulon, presented an enhanced response to phosphorylated sugars.

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“…Morphological differentiation of Streptomyces coelicolor is accompanied by the production of degradation enzymes (Chater, 1989;Granozzi et al, 1990). Various extracellular proteases participate in the assimilation of external proteinaceous nitrogen sources (Shapiro, 1989) and a recent study of the regulation of protease activities during growth and mycelium development of Streptomyces exfoliatus SMF13 showed that the production of Abbreviations: CTP, chymotrypsin-like protease; MTP, metalloprotease; TLP, try psi n-l i ke protease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic analysis of morphological differentiation and protease production in Streptomyces albidoflavus SMF301

Kang

Lee

1997

Microbiology

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The effects of specific growth rate and specific nutrient uptake rate on morphological differentiation of Streptomyces albidoflawus SMF301 were determined in chemostat cultures. Production of three types of proteases : chymotrypsin-like protease (CTP), trypsin-like protease (TLP) and metalloprotease (MTP) were analysed in relation to mycelium growth and spore formation. Production of CTP was closely linked to mycelium growth, whereas spore formation, TLP synthesis and MTP synthesis were inversely related to growth. Evaluation of various kinetic parameters [specific production rates of spores (qsp,,), TLP (q,), MTP (qm) and CTP (qcTp)] showed that mycelium growth rate and CTP production were optimal at 01 h-', but submerged spore formation, TLP production and MTP production were optimal at 0.025 h-l. Changes in specific nutrient uptake rates [glucose (a,,"), ammonium ion (qa,,,,,) and phosphate (q,,,J] affected sporulation and protease production; limitation of carbon, nitrogen and phosphate stimulated spore, TLP and MTP production.

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A breakdown in macromolecular synthesis preceding differentiation in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)

Cited by 59 publications

References 3 publications

A relaxed (rel) mutant of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) with a missing ribosomal protein lacks the ability to accumulate ppGpp, A-factor and prodigiosin

A relaxed (rel) mutant of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) with a missing ribosomal protein lacks the ability to accumulate ppGpp, A-factor and prodigiosin

Extracellular sugar phosphates are assimilated by Streptomyces in a PhoP-dependent manner

Kinetic analysis of morphological differentiation and protease production in Streptomyces albidoflavus SMF301

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