“…A great variety of issues have been addressed, including single machine scheduling, parallel machine scheduling, flow shop and flexible flow shop scheduling, job shop scheduling, open shop scheduling and many different models, deterministic or stochastic, have been built (Allahverdi 2015). Many approaches have been proposed, from the early mathematical programming (Blazewicz, Dror, and Weglarz 1991) and branch-and-bound technique (Brucker, Jurisch, and Sievers 1994) for smallsize problems to various approximation methods such as local search (Vaessens, Aarts, and Lenstra 1996) and AI (Wang 2005;Çaliş and Bulkan 2015), etc. Especially, because of the dynamic nature of manufacturing systems, dynamic scheduling, which can effectively tackle various disturbances, has received much attention since the 1950s (Johnson 1954).…”