A bovine acellular scaffold for vocal fold reconstruction in a rat model

Abstract

With a rat model of vocal fold injury, this study examined the in vivo host response to an acellular xenogeneic scaffold derived from the bovine vocal fold lamina propria, and the potential of the scaffold for constructive tissue remodeling. Bilateral wounds were created in the posterior vocal folds of 20 rats, and bovine acellular scaffolds were implanted into the wounds unilaterally, with the contralateral vocal folds as control. The rats were humanely sacrificed after 3 days, 7 days, 1 month, and 3 months, and the coronal sections of their larynges were examined histologically. Expressions of key matrix proteins including collagen I, collagen III, elastin, fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, and glycosaminoglycans were quantified with digital image analysis. Significant infiltration of host inflammatory cells and host fibroblasts in the scaffold implant was observed in the acute stage of wound repair (3 days and 7 days post-surgery). The mean relative densities of collagen I, collagen III, and glycosaminoglycans in the implanted vocal folds were significantly higher than those in the control after 3 days, followed by gradual decreases over 3 months. Histological results showed that the scaffolds were apparently degraded by 3 months, with no fibrotic tissue formation or calcification. These preliminary findings suggested that the bovine acellular scaffold could be a potential xenograft for vocal fold regeneration.

The Human Umbilical Vein with Wharton's Jelly as an Allogeneic, Acellular Construct for Vocal Fold Restoration

“…Nevertheless, these findings should be regarded as preliminary in vitro data, with the need for further studies examining the in vivo host response in the vocal fold induced by the acellular construct. 29 Future studies should also address any inflammatory reaction and potentially adverse immune reaction that could be triggered by nonautologous allogeneic scaffolds such as the acellular HUV construct.…”

“…Masson's trichrome did not differentiate different types of collagen; hence, the staining intensities reflected the total of all collagen types stained. The image analysis process was based on that of Chan et al 28 and Xu et al 29 Briefly, color images were first converted to 8-bit grayscale images, with the grayscale values for each image unit (or pixel) ranging from 0 (black) to 255 (white) (minimum intensity to maximum intensity). A threshold intensity value was selected for each image within this range of grayscale values such that the pixels representing the areas of collagen in the image matched with those in the corresponding color image.…”

“…The relative density of collagen was then calculated as the fraction of the positively stained area to the total area of the section. The reliability of this image analysis procedure was examined in our previous study, 29 showing that the intrarater and interrater reliability were high, with mean percentage differences in the measurements smaller than 4% in all cases.…”

Antibacterial activity and composition of decellularized goat lung extracellular matrix for its tissue engineering applications

“…Many organs, e.g. urinary bladder [6], small intestinal [7][8][9][10][11], heart valves [12][13][14][15], skin [16,17], liver [18], anterior crucial ligament bone [19], kidney [20], pericardium [21], blood vessels [22], nerves [23], skeletal muscle [24], tendon [25] and vocal cord [26,27] from bovine and porcine tissues, have been used for fabricating the ECMbased scaffold. But, the use of goat-lung has not been focused for tissue engineering applications.…”

Biomaterials from Decellularized Tissues

“…The resulting biologic scaffold can be used as an inductive template which provides instructive cues for functional tissue repair. Several components of these ECM-derived biologic scaffolds have been shown to influence cell proliferation and chemotaxis [61,82,[103][104][105][106], direct cell differentiation [103,[107][108][109][110][111][112], and facilitate constructive tissue remodeling [113][114][115][116]. The type and amount of bioactive molecules that remain in the scaffolds vary significantly depending on the specific methods of decellularization and other processing steps.…”