“…In order to overcome this problem, various methods have been developed. In general, these methods can be categorized into three main groups, namely, the adaptive mesh refinement techniques [12,13], the singular element approach [14,15] and the singular function method [16,17]. The adaptive mesh refinement techniques treat the singularity problem in an indirect manner, either by using smaller elements (h-or rrefinement) or higher order basis functions ( p-refinement) near the singular regions.…”