A blend of microencapsulated organic acids and botanicals reduces necrotic enteritis via specific signaling pathways in broilers

Encapsulation as a Way to Improve the Phytogenic Effects of Herbal Additives in Broilers – An Overview

“…The reduced intestinal inflammation (as indicated by the less lesion score and improved intestinal morphology) may eventually improve the digestive and absorptive functions of broiler intestine and thus growth performance of chickens. In respect to the integrity of intestine, Swaggerty et al (2022) reported that microencapsulated blend of citric and sorbic acids and thymol and vanillin reduced the lesion score in the intestine of broilers due to necrotic enteritis. The latter authors also revealed that the treatment modulated T cell receptor and improved TNF and NF-kB signaling pathways, thus improving the immune responses of broilers.…”

Comparative efficacy of postbiotic, probiotic, and antibiotic against necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens

“…Several nonantimicrobial strategies or AGPs alternatives (e.g., plant extracts, essential oils, organic acids, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics) have delivered encouraging outcomes in controlling NE and minimizing acquired antimicrobial resistance of C. perfringens ( Gadde et al., 2017 ; Hofacre et al., 2018 ). However, the protective efficacies of these therapeutics against NE were inconsistent and variable ( Dahiya et al, 2006 ; Thanh et al., 2009 ; Caly et al., 2015 ; Agunos et al., 2019 ; Johnson et al., 2019 ; Abd El-Hack et al., 2022 ; Shojadoost et al., 2022 ; Swaggerty et al., 2022 ) and the threat of live probiotics proliferating mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance remains largely untested, but stabilized postbiotics would not carry this threat. Accordingly, the current study was designed to compare the efficacies of 3 antimicrobials (a postbiotic, a probiotic, and an antibiotic) for controlling C. perfringens experimental infection in commercial broiler chickens.…”

“…(2019) tested a postbiotic (fermented product containing organic acids produced from a cocktail of probiotic strains: Pediococcus acidilactici, L. reuteri, E. faecium , and L. acidophilus [Flock Vitality]) against C. perfringens challenge in chickens and concluded that the used postbiotic reduced the lesion scores, mortality, and C. perfringens counts, but increased the BWG. Decreasing the mortality rate and the intestinal lesion scores following C. perfringens challenge were the main modulating features of some microencapsulated blend of organic acids (citric and sorbic), botanicals (thymol and vanillin), and various probiotics and phytobiotic natural compounds ( Hussein et al., 2020 ; Swaggerty et al., 2022 ).…”

A microencapsulated feed additive containing organic acids and botanicals has a distinct effect on proliferative and metabolic related signaling in the jejunum and ileum of broiler chickens

“…These natural products have been used and evaluated in the animal agriculture industry for a number of years and numerous primary and review articles in the literature support the use of such products for use as antibiotic alternatives, to enhance production parameters, and improve animal health and welfare ( Zeng, et al, 2015 ; Abd El-Hack et al, 2016 ; Jazi et al, 2018 ; Yadav and Jha, 2019 ). Extensive studies are being conducted to measure and evaluate the performance enhancing and disease mitigating effects of these products ( EFSA Panel et al, 2020 on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP); Swaggerty et al, 2020a ; 2020b ; 2022 ). Microencapsulated feed additives have been shown to allow such products to survive the upper gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) and be delivered along the small intestine ( Grilli et al, 2007 ; Piva et al, 2007 ).…”

“…Many sites on the array have known physiological functions in the human phospho-proteome and therefore can provide valuable insight into chicken intracellular signaling cascades and thus physiological changes between treatment groups ( Jalal et al, 2009 ). Using a kinomic approach to explore the changes to intracellular signaling cascades associated with immune and metabolic processes in response to the blend, we are able to better understand the changes conferred resulting in improved production measures and disease outcomes ( Swaggerty et al, 2020a ; Swaggerty et al, 2022 ).…”