A black man is a cornered man: migration, precarity and masculinities in Johannesburg

Musariri, Linda; Moyer, Eileen

doi:10.1080/0966369x.2020.1855122

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…A demographic surveillance study from rural South Africa showed that 69% of the adult population cohort migrated out of the study area at least once during a 13 year follow-up period [ 22 ]. Most of these men seek employment opportunities in cities in Gauteng Province, where Johannesburg is located, and yet research describing migrants within these urban destination sites remains limited and often comes from ethnographic rather than HIV studies [ 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrant men and HIV care engagement in Johannesburg, South Africa

Nardell,

Govathson,

Mngadi-Ncube

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background South Africa (SA) has one of the highest rates of migration on the continent, largely comprised of men seeking labor opportunities in urban centers. Migrant men are at risk for challenges engaging in HIV care. However, rates of HIV and patterns of healthcare engagement among migrant men in urban Johannesburg are poorly understood. Methods We analyzed data from 150 adult men (≥ 18 years) recruited in 10/2020–11/2020 at one of five sites in Johannesburg, Gauteng Province, SA where migrants typically gather for work, shelter, transit, or leisure: a factory, building materials store, homeless shelter, taxi rank, and public park. Participants were surveyed to assess migration factors (e.g., birth location, residency status), self-reported HIV status, and use and knowledge of HIV and general health services. Proportions were calculated with descriptive statistics. Associations between migration factors and health outcomes were examined with Fisher exact tests and logistic regression models. Internal migrants, who travel within the country, were defined as South African men born outside Gauteng Province. International migrants were defined as men born outside SA. Results Two fifths (60/150, 40%) of participants were internal migrants and one fifth (33/150, 22%) were international migrants. More internal migrants reported living with HIV than non-migrants (20% vs 6%, p = 0.042), though in a multi-variate analysis controlling for age, being an internal migrant was not a significant predictor of self-reported HIV positive status. Over 90% all participants had undergone an HIV test in their lifetime. Less than 20% of all participants had heard of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), with only 12% international migrants having familiarity with PrEP. Over twice as many individuals without permanent residency or citizenship reported “never visiting a health facility,” as compared to citizens/permanent residents (28.6% vs. 10.6%, p = 0.073). Conclusions Our study revealed a high proportion of migrants within our community-based sample of men and demonstrated a need for HIV and other healthcare services that effectively reach migrants in Johannesburg. Future research is warranted to further disaggregate this heterogenous population by different dimensions of mobility and to understand how to design HIV programs in ways that will address migrants’ challenges.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrant men and HIV care engagement in Johannesburg, South Africa

Nardell,

Govathson,

Mngadi-Ncube

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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“…22 Most of these men seek employment opportunities in cities in Gauteng Province, where Johannesburg is located, and yet research describing migrants within these urban destination sites remains limited and often comes from ethnographic rather than HIV studies. 39,40 Movement into and within South Africa, particularly from rural to urban centers, continues to rise along with the country's rapid socio-economic growth 22 and accelerating urbanization throughout the region. 41 There is a growing recognition of the need to make HIV care more accessible to migrants in order to achieve UNAIDS 95-95-95 goals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrant men and HIV care engagement in Johannesburg, South Africa

Nardell,

Govathson,

Mngadi-Ncube

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: South Africa (SA) has one of the highest rates of migration on the continent, largely comprised of men seeking labor opportunities in urban centers. Migrant men are at risk for challenges engaging in HIV care. However, rates of HIV and patterns of healthcare engagement among migrant men in urban Johannesburg are poorly understood. Methods: We analyzed data from 150 adult men (>=18 years) recruited in 10/2020-11/2020 at one of five sites in Johannesburg, Gauteng Province, SA where migrants typically gather for work, shelter, transit, or leisure: a factory, building materials store, homeless shelter, taxi rank, and public park. Participants were surveyed to assess migration factors (e.g., birth location, residency status), self-reported HIV status, and use and knowledge of HIV and general health services. Proportions were calculated with descriptive statistics. Associations between migration factors and health outcomes were examined with Fisher exact tests and logistic regression models. Internal migrants, who travel within the country, were defined as South African men born outside Gauteng Province. International migrants were defined as men born outside SA. Results: Two fifths (60/150, 40%) of participants were internal migrants and one fifth (33/150, 22%) were international migrants. More internal migrants reported living with HIV than men born in Gauteng (20% vs 6%, p=0.042), though in a multi-variate analysis controlling for age, being an internal migrant was not a significant predictor of self-reported HIV positive status. Over 90% all participants had undergone an HIV test in their lifetime. Less than 20% of all participants had heard of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), with only 12% international migrants having familiarity with PrEP. Over twice as many individuals without permanent residency or citizenship reported never visiting a health facility, as compared to citizens/permanent residents (28.6% vs. 10.6%, p=0.076). Conclusions: Our study revealed a high proportion of migrants within our community-based sample of men and demonstrated a need for bringing PrEP awareness and services to migrants in Johannesburg. Future research is warranted to further disaggregate this heterogenous population by different dimensions of mobility and to understand how to design HIV programs in ways that will address migrants' challenges.

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“…DMS African male freedom aspirations, pursuit of “key markers of African manhood” 2 (Barker and Ricardo, 2005), and creative strategies of social recovery/rebirth (Musariri, 2021), entailed constructing a “patchwork of patriarchies”, adapted from imperial ideologies, and locally derived (Lindsay and Miescher, 2003). DMS African male quest for freedom was often also a quest for patriarchal dividend , as migrant men sought to leverage the European imperial idea that the “autonomous, self-owning individual” deserving of a freedom paper and wage contract was male (Dru Stanley, 1998: 27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afropolitan Masculinity: Forgeries of Wife-Owning Husbands in West Africa, 1850s–1950s

Mbah

2023

Africa Spectrum

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Between the 1850s and 1950s, when abolitionism masked neoslavery and engendered displacement and forced labour migration in West Africa, Africans used forgery as a survival mechanism. They forged legal documents, claimed multiple forms of citizenship and belonging as Afropolitans, and manipulated kinship and imperial bureaucracy in the quest for freedom. One arena of forgery examined in this article entailed the invention of “husband” as “wife-owner,” within a context of gendered aspirations for social reproduction in the age of abolition. Southeastern Nigerian male migrants mobilised freedom papers, labour contracts, marriage certificates, and the medium of petition-writing to fashion themselves into Afropolitan wife-owners in a bid to survive transimperial displacement, marginalisation, and subordination that arose from abolition forgery. Afropolitan masculinity illuminates how abolition forgery generated enduring structures of hierarchical gender relations in West Africa.

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A black man is a cornered man: migration, precarity and masculinities in Johannesburg

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Migrant men and HIV care engagement in Johannesburg, South Africa

Migrant men and HIV care engagement in Johannesburg, South Africa

Migrant men and HIV care engagement in Johannesburg, South Africa

Afropolitan Masculinity: Forgeries of Wife-Owning Husbands in West Africa, 1850s–1950s

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