A birth cohort study in South-West Ethiopia to identify factors associated with infant mortality that are amenable for intervention

Asefa, Makonnen; Drewett, Robert; Tessema, Fasil

doi:10.4314/ejhd.v14i2.9916

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…28 Also, because the prevalence of HIV is very low in this population, 29 the possible link between placental malaria and increased risk of mother to child HIV transmission, 30 leading to reduced early life development of affected children 31 and seen as indirect cause of infant and child mortality, 32 is not likely to be the case in this study. Earlier studies have shown that infrequent use of soap may be associated with child mortality, either directly 18 or indirectly via helminth infection in mothers and their infants. 33 However, because this study is underpowered (due to low rate of child mortality) and the fact that we provided helminthic treatment at 12 months, we may not be able to ascertain this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11 This was not confirmed by our earlier findings in Ethiopia, 12,13 and other population-based studies from Ethiopia and South Africa. 14,15 Earlier studies from Ethiopia have identified poor socioeconomic indexes, poor maternal health practices, short birth interval and early cessation of breastfeeding [16][17][18] as factors associated with child mortality. Maternal depression has been reported recently as a risk factor for child mortality in Ethiopia, but only in the presence of intimate partner violence.…”

Section: What This Paper Addsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Perinatal common mental disorders and child survival in Ethiopia

Adewuya

Hanlon

Medhin

et al. 2013

J Paediatrics Child Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims:The study aims to evaluate the impact of perinatal common mental disorders (CMDs) on child mortality up to 3.5 years in a demographic surveillance site at Butajira, Ethiopia. Methods: One thousand sixty-five eligible women were assessed for CMD in the third trimester of pregnancy and at 2 months post-delivery using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire. We derived a four-level categorical exposure variable for the course of perinatal CMD. The outcome measure was child death recorded from 1 month after the postnatal assessment up to 3.5 years. Potential confounders and mediators were evaluated. Results:The cumulative child mortality rates were 62.6/1000 at 1 year and 82.5/1000 at 3.5 years, respectively. Exposure to perinatal CMD did not significantly affect child survival at 3.5 years, with results showing fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 1.85 (0.43, 7.88) for CMD in pregnancy only, 1.47 (0.14, 15.66) for CMD in postnatal period only and 0.41 (0.02, 7.38) for persistent CMD (both in pregnancy and postnatal). Only using soap less frequently than daily (HR 5.67,) and episode of malaria in pregnancy (HR 5.02, 95% CI 2.15-11.72) were associated with child mortality in multivariable analysis. Conclusions: Maternal health, health behaviours and family structure appear to be the most important factors affecting post-neonatal child mortality in this Ethiopian birth cohort, with little evidence for an effect of maternal perinatal CMD.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What This Paper Addsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal common mental disorders and child survival in Ethiopia

Adewuya

Hanlon

Medhin

et al. 2013

J Paediatrics Child Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This was also noted with "absence of window," a proxy measure for evaluating the type of housing [29]. Birth cohort study in South West Ethiopia from 1992 to 1994 identified environmental factors like ventilation in the house and the type of roof and floor and sanitary factors like habit of soap use for hand washing and latrine facility to have association with IM [39].…”

Section: Standard Of Living Index Standard Of Living Index [Sli]mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Mothers who did not use soap for hand washing had higher infant death than those who used soap [39]. Infants whose mothers were not washing their hands with soap after visiting toilet and before feeding child had high mortality rate than their counterparts [IRR = 4.61, 95% CI: (2.24, 9.48)] [32].…”

Section: Hygiene Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Mortality: Trends and Determinants in Ethiopia from 1990 to 2015—A Systematic Review

Adinew

Feleke

Mengesha

et al. 2017

Advances in Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Millennium Development Goal 4 calls for reducing under-five mortality rate by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015. The aim of this review was to assess trend of childhood mortality and its determinants from 1990 to 2015 in Ethiopia. Methods. A systematic literature search was conducted in the databases of PubMed and Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, national medical journals, government websites, and Google Scholar. Original observational study designs and reports conducted entirely or in part in Ethiopia that included a primary outcome variable of childhood mortality and published between 1990 and 2015 were included. Ascertained relevant articles were appraised and the findings were integrated into a systematic review. Results. Childhood mortality has declined in Ethiopia with more pronounced reduction over the last 10 years. Under-five mortality is 72% lower now than it was 25 years ago, with the pace of decline in infant mortality (83%) somewhat faster than child mortality (76%). The corresponding decline in neonatal and postneonatal mortality over the same period was 64% and 68%, respectively. Parental sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral variables and nutritional, environmental, and sanitary factors have been identified to affect child survival. Conclusion. Ethiopia has successfully achieved the Millennium Development Goal 4 to reduce under-five mortality.

show abstract

“…Contaminated water and person-toperson transfer of these organisms are probably predominant routes for spread. Water supplies, sanitation and frequency of hand-washing with soap could be improved in most parts of Africa [260] and these interventions are proven to prevent the acquisition and spread of diarrheagenic E. coli and other pathogens [129,140,[261][262][263][264].…”

Section: Clinically Relevant Unanswered Questions About the Biology Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in sub-Saharan Africa: Status, Uncertainties and Necessities

Okeke

2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

122

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diarrhea is a leading cause of illness and death, particularly in developing countries. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli, enterohemorrhaghic E. coli (EHEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) and diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) have been associated with diarrheal disease in different parts of Africa, particularly among young children, HIV-positive individuals, and visitors from abroad. Each of these E. coli pathotypes uses distinct mechanisms, which are only partially understood, to colonize infected hosts and produce diarrhea. All known diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes have been reported from diverse locations within Africa but the true burden from these pathogens is unknown because very few studies seeking these organisms with discriminatory methodology have been performed. Recent reports implicate ETEC and EAEC in a considerable proportion of childhood and travellers' diarrheas and suggest that some sub-types of these categories may have greater epidemiological significance than others. The significant contribution of EHEC to bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome is underappreciated because diagnostic capacity for this pathotype is generally inferior to that for confounders such as Shigella and Entamoeba. Recent studies in Africa have revealed the worrisome emergence of antimicrobial resistance and high asymptomatic carriage rates for diarrheagenic E. coli but bacterial and host factors that predispose to disease, as well as non-human reservoirs, are largely unknown. Future diarrheal disease research needs to focus on broadening the repertoire of pathogens sought in epidemiological surveys to include multiple categories of diarrheagenic E. coli while building capacity to detect these pathogens in local reference laboratories.

show abstract

A birth cohort study in South-West Ethiopia to identify factors associated with infant mortality that are amenable for intervention

Cited by 28 publications

References 3 publications

Perinatal common mental disorders and child survival in Ethiopia

Perinatal common mental disorders and child survival in Ethiopia

Childhood Mortality: Trends and Determinants in Ethiopia from 1990 to 2015—A Systematic Review

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in sub-Saharan Africa: Status, Uncertainties and Necessities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About