A Biophysical and Economic Assessment of a Community‐based Rehabilitated Gully in the Ethiopian Highlands

Abstract

Gully erosion reduces agricultural productivity by destroying valuable land resources, increases sediment concentrations, reduces water quality, and fills up reservoirs. Gully rehabilitation has proven to be challenging especially in the high-rainfall areas of the Ethiopian Highlands and has therefore had limited success. This paper describes a successful low-cost gully rehabilitation effort with community participation in the Birr watershed in the Blue Nile basin that begun in early 2013. Initially, farmers were reluctant to participate for religious reasons, but with the aid of local priests and respected elders, community discussions, and a visit to a rehabilitated gully, a consensus was reached to rehabilitate a 0·71-ha upland gully. The rehabilitation measures consisted of regrading the gully head at a 45°slope, constructing low-cost check dams from locally available materials, and planting Pennisetum purpureum grass and Sesbania sesban. At the end of the first postimplementation rainy season, 2,200 tons of soil was conserved by the constructed check dams and newly planted vegetation, compared with soil losses of 680 and 560 tons in two untreated, nearby gullies. In 2014, an additional 3,100 tons of soil was conserved. In 2013, the marginal rate of return (MRR) on the gully rehabilitation investment was 2·6 based on the value of increased forage production alone. When we include trapped soil nutrient values, the rehabilitation MRR was increased to 10. Although these numbers are impressive, the best proof of the success was that farmers on their own initiative rehabilitated an additional five gullies in 2014.

Profitability of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as affected by NP nutrition and variety in Southern Ethiopia

“…Deterioration of business environment in the country can also be the main reason for the price fluctuation of the nutrient treatments. Similar reasons were reported by many researchers previously (Shiluli et al, 2004;Odendo et al, 2006;Edward, 2015;Ayele et al, 2016).…”

Impact of Soil Depth and Topography on the Effectiveness of Conservation Practices on Discharge and Soil Loss in the Ethiopian Highlands

“…Check dams reduce the effective slope of the channel, thereby reducing the velocity of flowing water, allowing sediment to settle and reducing channel erosion. Check dams require maintenance to be effective [32,33]. The infiltration furrows with bunds were built along the contour across the sloping lands to decrease runoff by reducing or stopping the overland flow and increasing the infiltration of rainwater into the soil in the furrows.…”

“…Check dams reduce the effective slope of the channel, thereby reducing the velocity of flowing water, allowing sediment to settle and reducing channel erosion. Check dams require maintenance to be effective [32,33]. …”

Gullies, a critical link in landscape soil loss: A case study in the subhumid highlands of Ethiopia

“…Upland soil erosion, inducing sedimentation of downstream reservoirs and streams, is affecting the livelihood and well‐being of rural communities that in the dry monsoonal phase rely on these resources for potable water, irrigation, and fisheries (Haregeweyn et al, ; Haregeweyn et al, ; Poesen, Nachtergaele, Verstraeten, & Valentin, ; Poesen, Vandaele, & Van Wesemael, ; Tamene, Park, Dikau, & Vlek, ). A growing body of research is calling for immediate actions (Ayele et al, ; Cao, Chen, Gao, Chen, & Yan, ; García, Motta, Abad, & Langendoen, ; Kou et al, ; Wang & Shao, ; Zhao, Mu, Wen, Wang, & Gao, ).…”