A Biomineralization, Mechanical and Durability Features of Bacteria-Based Self-Healing Concrete—A State of the Art Review

Abstract

Cracking is one of the main ways that concrete ages, allowing pollutants to seep within and potentially lowering the physical and mechanical strength and endurance of concrete structures. One of the healing procedures that merits research is the use of bacterially generated calcium carbonate precipitation in concrete mixtures to mend concrete cracks. The impact of different variables, including the nucleation location, bacterial type, concentration, uratolytic activities, pH, nutrition, and temperature on the bio-mineralization of calcium carbonate are discussed in this review article. ATR-IR (Attenuated Internal Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy)/FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy)/NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) and FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope) are among the micro test techniques reviewed along with the biosynthetic pathway of bio mineralized calcium carbonate. The sealing ability and recovery of mechanical and durability properties of bio-mineralized concrete specimen is discussed. Moreover, we discussed the corrosion, damages, and challenges and their detection methods. Also, in-depth knowledge on the use, advancements, and drawbacks of bio-mineralized calcium carbonate is presented. Future potential for bio-mineralized (MICP) self-healing concrete are discussed in the final section.

Harnessing microbes for self-healing concrete – A review

“…Just imagine the potential of these microbe-powered wonders-construction materials that not only meet our practical needs but also demonstrate a profound commitment to environmental stewardship. Through these advancements, we find ourselves on a path where sustainable construction practices and ecological well-being go hand in hand (18,25,26).…”

Biomineralization of calcium carbonate in concrete by the action of Bacillus pumilus

“…Therefore, these microorganisms can potentially increase the durability of concrete materials in humid environments (WIKTOR; JONKERS, 2011). Cracking is one of the leading causes of concrete aging, allowing pollutants to infiltrate and damage structures and reducing the physical and mechanical strength of concrete structures (KASHIF UR REHMAN et al, 2022). Table 1 shows examples of bacteria used by different researchers for studying cementitious materials.…”

“…Recent research shows that it may be possible to develop a material able to repair fissures by MICP (SANDALCI; TEZER; BASARAN BUNDUR, 2021). Aerobic bacteria induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate inside the cracks, increasing the strength and durability of the structure (SARKAR et al, 2019;KASHIF UR REHMAN et al, 2022). In order to solve such problems, we seek to contribute with studies that involve the use of biological agents in surface treatments of concrete, using methods that help repair certain types of cracks.…”

Estudo da biomineralização aplicada a argamassas de construção civil e sua viabilidade tecnológica

“…Vários trabalhos avaliaram a adição de bactérias em argamassa, visando determinar sua influência nas propriedades do produto, utilizando diferentes tipos de cápsulas a fim de proteger os esporos (KHALIC; EHSAN, 2016;MAHMOD et al;REHMAN et al, 2022;ROY et al, 2020;SU et al, 2021;VAN TITTELBOOM et al, 2011;VERSTRAETE, 2012;WANG J. et al, 2012WANG J. et al, , 2014aWANG J. et al, , 2014bWANG J. et al, , 2015WANG X. et al, 2022;ZHANG et al, 2021). No entanto, nestes trabalhos, a adição das cápsulas é feita apenas sobre a formulação padrão, sem considerar seu efeito nas propriedades reológicas e mecânicas da argamassa.…”

“…Como alternativa à utilização de quitosana, diversos trabalhos tem utilizado cápsulas de alginato de sódio, que é um material com processo de produção mais simples e com melhor custo benefício (REHMAN et al, 2022;ROY et al, 2020;SU et al, 2021;WANG J. et al, 2015;ZHANG et al, 2021). Visto que as cápsulas de quitosana, produzidas via gelificação ionotrópica, e as cápsulas de alginato de sódio, produzidas por esferificação, são idênticas no quesito morfologia e distribuição de partículas, é válido assumir que tais formulações permanecem aplicáveis quando são utilizadas as cápsulas de alginato de sódio em substituição às cápsulas de quitosana.…”