In recent years, electronic stethoscopes have been combined with artificial
intelligence (AI) technology to digitally acquire heart sounds, intelligently
identify valvular disease and congenital heart disease, and improve the accuracy
of heart disease diagnosis. The research on AI-based intelligent stethoscopy
technology mainly focuses on AI algorithms, and the commonly used methods are
end-to-end deep learning algorithms and machine learning algorithms based on
feature extraction, and the hot spot for future research is to establish a large
standardized heart sound database and unify these algorithms for external
validation; in addition, different electronic stethoscopes should also be
extensively compared so that the algorithms can be compatible with different. In
addition, there should be extensive comparison of different electronic
stethoscopes so that the algorithms can be compatible with heart sounds collected
by different stethoscopes; especially importantly, the deployment of algorithms
in the cloud is a major trend in the future development of artificial
intelligence. Finally, the research of artificial intelligence based on heart
sounds is still in the preliminary stage, although there is great progress in
identifying valve disease and congenital heart disease, they are all in the
research of algorithm for disease diagnosis, and there is little research on
disease severity, remote monitoring, prognosis, etc., which will be a hot spot
for future research.