A Biomass‐Based Hydrogel Evaporator Modified Through Dynamic Regulation of Water Molecules: Highly Efficient and Cost‐Effective

Luo, Boqiu; Wen, Jin; Wang, Hao; Zheng, Size; Liao, Rui; Chen, Wenjing; Mahian, Omid; Li, Xiaoke

doi:10.1002/eem2.12353

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…According to the differences of intermolecular hydrogen bonding, the water in hydrated polymer networks has been classified into three types: free water (FW), bound water (BW), and intermediate water (IW). [ 39 ] Compared with FW, less energy is required for IW to escape from hydrogels, and therefore, IW is more activated in hydrogels and can improve water evaporation. [ 11b ] To investigate such variations in the water state, the O–H‐stretching region of the hydrogel was measured using Raman spectroscopy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Lignocellulosic Biomass‐Based Double‐Layered Porous Hydrogel for Efficient Solar Steam Generation

Lin

Wang

Hong

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

105

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Solar-driven interfacial evaporation is an important approach for solving the issue of freshwater scarcity. However, the practical application of solar steam generation is hindered by high fabrication cost and environmental concerns regarding the petroleum-based materials. Herein, lignocellulose (celluloselignin composite) hydrogel (LCG) and lignin-derived carbon (LC) are used as the substrate and photothermal material, respectively, to construct a fully lignocellulose-based double-layered hydrogel (LC@LCG) evaporator. Results indicate that LC has an ultrahigh specific surface area and full-spectrum solar absorption of 98%. The presence of lignin can improve the hydrophilicity and maintain the capillary channels of the hydrogel, which tunes water into an intermediate state and reduces the vaporization enthalpy of water. Moreover, it ensures a high water transport rate in the hydrogel. Based on these advantages, the evaporation rate and photothermal conversion efficiency of hydrogel evaporator reach 1.84 kg m −2 h −1 under one sun and 86.5%, respectively. The lignocellulosic hydrogel evaporator could remove >99.95% of primary metal ions from seawater to generate fresh water, and shows outstanding salt resistance, durability, and long-term stability for desalination. This study demonstrates an eco-friendly and economic solution for continuous freshwater production from seawater using a fully lignocellulosic biomass-based hydrogel evaporator.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Lignocellulosic Biomass‐Based Double‐Layered Porous Hydrogel for Efficient Solar Steam Generation

Lin

Wang

Hong

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

105

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“…SVG materials offering high photothermal-conversion and optimal thermal management have been developed to achieve high rates of water production. − However, water evaporation demands a high energy input of over 40 kJ mol –1 , making it a fundamental challenge to increase the efficiency of SVG; lowering the vaporization enthalpy of water has become the key to boosting the SVG performance. , By utilizing the interactions between water and functional groups of hydrophilic polymer networks, less energy is required for water evaporation in hydrogels than in bulk water. , Thus, a variety of hydrogel-based solar evaporators, including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), − poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), polyacrylamide (PAM), polysaccharides, − and polyzwitterions hydrogels, have been developed to achieve a much higher evaporation efficiency than the traditional evaporators …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Fabrication of Porous Composite Hydrogels for Efficient Solar Vapor Generation

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Solar vapor generation (SVG) has become a promising and sustainable technology for water purification and desalination. Recently, porous hydrogel-based solar evaporators that combine reduced water evaporation enthalpy and adequate water replenishment have demonstrated a highly effective SVG performance. However, it remains challenging to realize rapid and low-cost fabrication of porous hydrogel evaporators for practical applications. Herein, we report a facile and rapid method (photoinduced polymerization, c.a. 15 s) to fabricate porous composite hydrogels for effective solar seawater evaporation without time-consuming modification and post-treatment. The hydrogel evaporators show laminated composite structures that consist of carbon fiber felt for solar harvesting and an open microporous polyacrylamide-co-poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PAM-co-PNIPAAm) hydrogel for water transport. After composition with photothermal carbon fiber felt (CFF), the CFF/PAM-co-PNIPAAm composite hydrogel evaporators exhibit rapid photothermal heating, in conjunction with the reduced water evaporation enthalpy and continuous water supply for solar evaporation, enabling an evaporation rate of 1.34 kg m −2 h −1 from 3.5 wt % NaCl solution under one sun irradiation, which approaches the theoretical evaporation rate limit of 2D evaporators (1.46 kg m −2 h −1 ). It is expected that the simple and fast fabrication method presented in this study, without the typical need for expensive raw materials and tedious procedures, will promote the application of hydrogel solar evaporators for water purification.

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“…The shape‐changing hydrogels featuring programmable deformations, tissue‐like mechanical properties, and good biocompatibility have shown great promise toward various applications including soft robotics, [ 1–5 ] biomedical devices, [ 6–10 ] biosensors, [ 11–13 ] drug delivery, [ 14 ] and flexible electronics, [ 15,16 ] etc. [ 17–19 ] The shape transformations of shape‐changing hydrogels stem from their bionic heterogeneous structures, which can induce anisotropic strain changes in response to external stimuli. [ 20–24 ] To date, various bionic complex shape transformations (e.g., snapping deformation, [ 25,26 ] sequential deformations, [ 27,28 ] and multiple deformations [ 29,30 ] ) have been achieved by preprogramming compositional heterogeneity within the hydrogels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of 3D Shape‐Changing Hydrogels via Light‐Modulated Internal Stress Fields

Fan

Duan

et al. 2022

Energy & Environ Materials

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The 3D shape‐changing hydrogels are highly pursued for numerous applications. However, up to now, the construction of complex 3D shape‐changing hydrogels remains a challenge. The reported design strategies are mainly applied to fabricate 2D ones by introducing anisotropic microstructures into hydrogel sheets/membranes. Herein, we present a convenient photolithography strategy for constructing complex 3D shape‐changing hydrogels by simultaneously modulating anisotropic microstructures and internal stress fields of gel sheets. When the precursor solution containing ultraviolet (UV) absorber is irradiated by single‐side UV light, the attenuated polymerization rate can cause the generation of asymmetric internal stress field in the resulting hydrogel sheet. In the meantime, the directional diffusion of unpolymerized monomers allows for the formation of vertical gradient structure within hydrogel. Therefore, by applying different photomasks to modulate the local gradient structures and internal stress fields of the gel sheets, they can spontaneously transform into various complex 3D shape‐changing hydrogels in the air. Response to the external stimuli, these 3D shape‐changing hydrogels (e.g., fighter plane, birdie, and multi‐storey origami lattices) can deform in a novel 3D1‐to‐3D2‐to‐3D3 mode. This new design strategy contributes to the development of complex biomedical implants and soft robotics.

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A Biomass‐Based Hydrogel Evaporator Modified Through Dynamic Regulation of Water Molecules: Highly Efficient and Cost‐Effective

Cited by 18 publications

References 57 publications

Fully Lignocellulosic Biomass‐Based Double‐Layered Porous Hydrogel for Efficient Solar Steam Generation

Fully Lignocellulosic Biomass‐Based Double‐Layered Porous Hydrogel for Efficient Solar Steam Generation

Rapid Fabrication of Porous Composite Hydrogels for Efficient Solar Vapor Generation

Construction of 3D Shape‐Changing Hydrogels via Light‐Modulated Internal Stress Fields

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