A bioluminescent mouse model of proliferation to highlight early stages of pancreatic cancer: A suitable tool for preclinical studies

The advanced glycation end‐product Nϵ‐carboxymethyllysine promotes progression of pancreatic cancer: implications for diabetes‐associated risk and its prevention

“…The in vivo studies assessing the effect of CML on early pancreatic carcinogenesis showed that this AGE accelerates the development of PaC in KCM mice. Although a considerable degree of variability exists in the total PaC burden among coeval mice, at 11 weeks of age both KC and KCM mice showed a substantial number of PanIN lesions (∼30% of pancreatic ducts), most of which of were low grade, and usually no invasive lesions. Therefore, the finding of one of 11 Ctr‐KCM mice with PaC should be considered as an occasional observation.…”

“…KC mice, on a C57BL/6 background, which develop autochthonous lethal PaC in a pattern recapitulating human PDA with high fidelity . KC mice were interbred with mitosis luciferase ( MITO‐Luc ) reporter mice on an FVB background to obtain KC‐ Mito (KCM) mice (supplementary material, Supplementary materials and methods). Five‐week old KCM mice were randomly assigned to treatment with daily intraperitoneal injections of 30 μg of native MSA (Ctr mice) or CML‐modified MSA .…”

“…Five‐week old KCM mice were randomly assigned to treatment with daily intraperitoneal injections of 30 μg of native MSA (Ctr mice) or CML‐modified MSA . At this age, the pancreatic parenchyma is histologically normal, and early‐stage PanINs are rarely observed . The treatment dose was chosen on the basis of our previous data showing that this injection protocol results in a two‐fold to three fold increase in circulating and tissue AGE levels , similar to what is observed in experimentally diabetic mice .…”

“…Starting from the fifth week of age, in vivo imaging was carried out every other week as previously reported . Briefly, 10 min after administration of d ‐luciferin (75 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneal; Perkin Elmer, Hopkinton, MA, USA), photon emission from the different body areas was acquired for 5 min and analysed with a CCD camera (Xenogen IVIS Lumina System; Perkin Elmer).…”

Non-invasive dynamic monitoring initiation and growth of pancreatic tumor in the LSL-KrasG12D/+;LSL-Trp53R172H/+;Pdx-1-Cre (KPC) transgenic mouse model

“…and therapeutic strategies (Torres et al, 2013). Several GEM models that accurately mimic the pathophysiological characteristics of human PDAC have been described (de Latouliere et al, 2016;Farr et al, 2017;Ijichi, 2011). In particular, the LSL-Kras G12D/+ ;LSL-Trp53 R172H/+ ;Pdx-1-Cre, termed KPC mouse has attracted increasing attention, because it recapitulates the pathophysiological aspects and the biology features of human PDAC (Bai et al, 2017;Courtin et al, 2013;Hingorani et al, 2005).…”