A Biologically Muscle‐Inspired Polyurethane with Super‐Tough, Thermal Reparable and Self‐Healing Capabilities for Stretchable Electronics

Ying, Wu; Wang, Guyue; Kong, Zhengyang; Yao, Chen Kai; Wang, Yubin; Hu, Han; Li, Fenglong; Chen, Chao; Tian, Ying; Zhang, Jiawei; Zhang, Ruoyu; Zhu, Jin

doi:10.1002/adfm.202009869

Cited by 126 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Importantly, the skin contains the largest amount of sensing receptors to perceive various environmental stimuli that humans encounter, such as pressure, strain, humidity, temperature, and pain ( Figure 1 A). To date, tremendous skin-inspired flexible and stretchable devices have been developed based on our understanding of the human skin’s sensing functions ( Benight et al., 2013 ; Cheng et al., 2019 ; Kim et al, 2011a , 2011b , 2016a ; Lei and Wu, 2018 ; Liang et al., 2013 ; Lipomi et al., 2011 ; Oh et al., 2016 ; Pelrine et al., 2000 ; Sekitani et al., 2008 , 2009 ; Sun et al, 2006 , 2014 ; Ying et al., 2020a , 2020c , 2021b , 2021c ; Yu et al., 2020d ; Zang et al., 2013 ). These advances have revolutionized wearable electronics and other related fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin-like hydrogel devices for wearable sensing, soft robotics and beyond

Ying

2021

iScience

122

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Summary Skin-like electronics are developing rapidly to realize a variety of applications such as wearable sensing and soft robotics. Hydrogels, as soft biomaterials, have been studied intensively for skin-like electronic utilities due to their unique features such as softness, wetness, biocompatibility and ionic sensing capability. These features could potentially blur the gap between soft biological systems and hard artificial machines. However, the development of skin-like hydrogel devices is still in its infancy and faces challenges including limited functionality, low ambient stability, poor surface adhesion, and relatively high power consumption (as ionic sensors). This review aims to summarize current development of skin-inspired hydrogel devices to address these challenges. We first conduct an overview of hydrogels and existing strategies to increase their toughness and conductivity. Next, we describe current approaches to leverage hydrogel devices with advanced merits including anti-dehydration, anti-freezing, and adhesion. Thereafter, we highlight state-of-the-art skin-like hydrogel devices for applications including wearable electronics, soft robotics, and energy harvesting. Finally, we conclude and outline the future trends.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin-like hydrogel devices for wearable sensing, soft robotics and beyond

Ying

2021

iScience

122

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“…This further proves that PU is another organic material with multiple applications for flexible and stretchable bioelectronics. Elastomeric PU has even been advanced to be self-healing, with an elongation at break of 1900% [ 52 ]. Like PDMS, PU can be used as a base insulator to layer conductive tracts upon it.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible and Stretchable Bioelectronics

et al. 2022

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Medical science technology has improved tremendously over the decades with the invention of robotic surgery, gene editing, immune therapy, etc. However, scientists are now recognizing the significance of ‘biological circuits’ i.e., bodily innate electrical systems for the healthy functioning of the body or for any disease conditions. Therefore, the current trend in the medical field is to understand the role of these biological circuits and exploit their advantages for therapeutic purposes. Bioelectronics, devised with these aims, work by resetting, stimulating, or blocking the electrical pathways. Bioelectronics are also used to monitor the biological cues to assess the homeostasis of the body. In a way, they bridge the gap between drug-based interventions and medical devices. With this in mind, scientists are now working towards developing flexible and stretchable miniaturized bioelectronics that can easily conform to the tissue topology, are non-toxic, elicit no immune reaction, and address the issues that drugs are unable to solve. Since the bioelectronic devices that come in contact with the body or body organs need to establish an unobstructed interface with the respective site, it is crucial that those bioelectronics are not only flexible but also stretchable for constant monitoring of the biological signals. Understanding the challenges of fabricating soft stretchable devices, we review several flexible and stretchable materials used as substrate, stretchable electrical conduits and encapsulation, design modifications for stretchability, fabrication techniques, methods of signal transmission and monitoring, and the power sources for these stretchable bioelectronics. Ultimately, these bioelectronic devices can be used for wide range of applications from skin bioelectronics and biosensing devices, to neural implants for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

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“…[1][2][3][4] With the escalation of hygiene requirements, antibacterial PU coatings have attracted significant attention from both academic and industrial societies. [5][6][7] As known, silverbased nano-materials have broad-spectrum antibacterial properties against an extensive range of microorganisms. [8][9][10] Among them, AgNPs used in PU materials furnish PU/silver nanocomposites with antibacterial properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%