A biological hazard of our age: Bracken fern [ Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn] — A Review

Vetter, János

doi:10.1556/avet.57.2009.1.18

Cited by 77 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Because angiogenic process is common during tumor growth (RIBATTI, 2014) and due to the carcinogenic potential of BF (VETTER, 2009;VIRGILIO et al, 2015), we expected AEB would be able to induce an increase in number of CAMs' vessels. However, as the number of vessels observed was similar between the control and treated groups ( Figure 1) the AEB in different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10 µg/mL) failed to induce angiogenesis on CAM after exposition to extracts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue damage and embryonic malformation induced by aqueous extract of Pteridium aquilinum on chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo (CAM)

Leitolis¹,

Souza²,

Freitas³

et al. 2017

SCA

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The aim of this study was evaluate the effects of Bracken fern (BF) (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn.) on biological systems. When consumed by animals can cause acute intoxication, hematuria, biochemistry alterations and cancer. To humans the toxicity is associated with its intake on contaminated ground water or milk and inhalation of its spores. In order to check the BF aqueous extract (AEB) deleterious effects on animals blood vessels system, chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was used. It were applying on CAM 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10 e 15 µg/mL of AEB and saline as control. The angiogenesis was analyzed and the vascular density index (VDI) calculated. The CAM samples were prepared and stained with H&E to evaluation of microvessels, Masson's trichrome to characterize collagen and fibrin deposition and Picro-sirius used to evaluate collagen using polarized light. Also the morphological aspects of embryos were analysed. We observe on the results of neovascularization that AEB did not change significantly the number of vessels/mm², however, membranes treated with AEB (5 or 10 µg/ mL) exhibit opacity and tissue fibrosis, both signs of inflammation. Histological analysis with Masson's trichrome and picro-sirius on tissues exposed to AEB respectively has shown increased collagen fibers and presence of fibrilar collagen. The embryos exposed to concentrations of 5 or 10 μg/mL AEB, showed changes as poor face formation and poor closing of abdominal wall. The highest concentration of AEB (15 μg/mL) was lethal to embryos. Although significant effects on the CAM's vasculature has not observed, tissue aggression was detected, a desmoplasia (an extensive inflammatory signal triggered by tissue injury), changes caused on embryos as well as the presence of toxic substances in the AEB show us an important and deleterious pathway of this bracken fern extract on its intoxicants effects on humans and animals, and even cancer or the death of animals. ResumoO foco principal desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do extrato aquoso de Samambaia (EAS) (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) sobre sistemas biológicos. A ingestão das folhas de Samambaia pode provocar intoxicação aguda, hematúria, alterações bioquímicas e câncer se consumida por animais. Em humanos também pode provocar intoxicação ao ser ingerida com água ou leite contaminados e pela inalação de seus esporos. Considerando os efeitos danosos provocados pelo consumo dessa planta esse estudo analisou a ação do EAS sobre um sistema de vasos sanguíneos, a membrana corioalantóide (MCA) de embrião de galinha. Sobre a MCA foram aplicados 0,1, 0,5, 1, 5, 10 e 15 µg/mL de EAS, salina como controle. A angiogênese foi analisada e o índice de densidade vascular (IDV) calculado. Amostras da CAM foram coradas com H&E para avaliação de microvasos, Tricrômico de Masson para caracterização de colágeno e deposição de fibrina e Picro-sirius para analisar o colágeno através de luz polarizada. Os aspectos morfológicos dos embriões também foram analisados. Os resultados da neovascularização mos...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue damage and embryonic malformation induced by aqueous extract of Pteridium aquilinum on chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo (CAM)

Leitolis¹,

Souza²,

Freitas³

et al. 2017

SCA

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“…They are biosynthesised in all parts of the bracken, including fronds and rhizomes (Hikino et al, 1976;Kigoshi et al, 1989). Bracken has historically been associated with incidents of livestock poisoning (Hopkins, 1990;Vetter, 2009) resulting in many mechanistic studies on distinct pterosins and their biological targets. For example, pterosin B was found to inhibit the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 30 µg ml -1 (Kobayashi et al, 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterisation of 13 pterosins and pterosides from bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) rhizome

et al. 2016

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Thirteen previously undescribed pterosins and pterosides were isolated from bracken rhizomes in north of Wales. Their structures were elucidated using NMR spectroscopic and high resolution FT-ICR-MS data. were assessed for their anti-diabetic activity using an intestinal glucose uptake assay; all were found to be inactive at 300 µM. Isolation and characterisation of 13 pterosins and pterosides from bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) rhizome

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“…Bracken fern (genus Pteridium) is a ubiquitous toxic plant that has been reported to induce cancer in animals and humans, as well as a variety of toxic syndromes in herbivores 1,2 . The main toxic agent that is responsible for the carcinogenic effects and toxic syndromes that are induced by bracken fern is ptaquiloside, a norsesquiterpene glucoside 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of selenium onPteridium aquilinumand urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis

Nakahara

Sanches

Caniceiro

et al. 2013

Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology

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The results of our previous study demonstrated that ptaquiloside, the main toxic agent found in Pteridium aquilinum, suppresses natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity. However, the ability of ptaquiloside to suppress the cytotoxicity of NK cells was prevented by selenium supplementation. NK cells play an important role in the innate immune response and have the ability to kill tumor cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that selenium may prevent the higher susceptibility to urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis that has been observed in mice treated with P. aquilinum. The immunosuppressive effects of ptaquiloside have been associated with a higher number of urethane-induced lung nodules in mice. Hence, we assessed the effects of P. aquilinum-induced immunosuppression on urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis in C57BL/6 mice that had been supplemented with selenium. For these experiments, mice were treated with both an aqueous extract of P. aquilinum (20 g/kg/day) and selenium (1.3 mg/kg) by gavage once daily for 14 days followed by a once-weekly intraperitoneal injection of urethane (1 g/kg) for 10 weeks that was accompanied by gavage 5 days a week. Lung adenomas in mice that had been treated with P. aquilinum plus urethane occurred with a frequency that was 44% higher than that in mice that had been treated with only urethane. In mice that had been supplemented with selenium and treated with P. aquilinum plus urethane, the occurrence of lung adenomas was reduced to 26%. These results suggest that selenium prevents the immunosuppressive effects of P. aquilinum on urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis.

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A biological hazard of our age: Bracken fern [ Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn] — A Review

Cited by 77 publications

References 37 publications

Tissue damage and embryonic malformation induced by aqueous extract of Pteridium aquilinum on chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo (CAM)

Tissue damage and embryonic malformation induced by aqueous extract of Pteridium aquilinum on chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo (CAM)

Isolation and characterisation of 13 pterosins and pterosides from bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) rhizome

Effects of selenium onPteridium aquilinumand urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis

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