A Biofidelity Evaluation of the BioRID II, Hybrid III and RID2 for Use in Rear Impacts

Comparison of Cervical Vertebrae Rotations for PMHS and BioRID II in Rear Impacts

“…Many studies have looked at the gross kinematics of the head and T1 of the BioRID II (Davidsson, Flogard, et al 1999;Kim et al 2003;Mallory and Stammen 2007;Philippens et al 2002), but no previous studies actually measured individual cervical kinematics of the BioRID II by installing sensors on each cervical vertebra. The cervical spine of the BioRID II exhibited good biofidelity in the 17 km/h test, with a biofidelity score of 1.03 ± 0.21.…”

“…There are 2 ATDs designed specifically for rear impact: BioRID II (Davidsson, Flogard, et al 1999) and RID3D (Cappon et al 2001). The biofidelity of these ATDs has been evaluated extensively (Bortenschlager et al 2003;Cappon et al 2000Cappon et al , 2001Croft and Philippens 2007;Davidsson, Flogard, et al 1999;Gotou et al 2001;Ishikawa et al 2000;Kim et al 2003;Mallory and Stammen 2007;Moorhouse et al 2012;Philippens et al 2002;Sano et al 2001;Siegmund et al 2001), but these studies have focused on comparison of global measures (e.g., head and T1 kinematics) obtained from human volunteers and/or PMHS with those obtained from the rear impact ATDs, rather than comparing detailed intervertebral kinematics of the entire cervical spine. This is partly due to the challenges associated with obtaining detailed intervertebral kinematics from PMHS but also because the detailed kinematics of the cervical spine of the rear impact ATDs are not measured.…”

Strength of Porcine Cervical Facet Joint Capsular Ligament under Vertebral Axial Tensile Loading

“…To assess the effect of impact during rear end collision on the neck of occupant, sled test using crash dummy is commonly performed (10) . Present crash dummy measures loads only at upper neck and lower neck close to the head-neck joint and neck-torso joint respectively (11) . Therefore, only injury thresholds at these locations have already been established based on the test results of human cadaver (12,13) .…”