A Biochar-producing, Dung-burning Cookstove for Humanitarian Purposes

Birzer, Cristian H.; Medwell, Paul R.; Macfarlane, G.; Read, Matthew; Wilkey, Josh; Higgins, Matthew; West, Tomas

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2014.07.063

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This is due to the lower kindling temperature of banana peel charcoal briquettes. It was observed that higher carbon content of briquettes results in higher temperature of fume gas, which leads to higher loss of energy out of the stove (Birzer et al, 2014). Therefore the maximum temperature of water reached with banana bunch charcoal briquettes combustion is lower than for banana peel charcoal briquettes combustion.…”

Section: Burningmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterization and Evaluation of Charcoal Briquettes Using Banana Peel and Banana Bunch Waste for Household Heating

Mopoung¹,

Udeye²

2017

American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

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Abstract:The charcoal briquettes from banana peel and banana bunch wastes from dried banana industry for household heating were characterized and evaluated. A 200 L pyrolyzer was used for charcoal and wood vinegar production at 350°C pyrolysis temperature. The percent yield of charcoal and wood vinegar were determined. The effects of clay binder (0-15% w/w) on the properties of charcoal briquettes such as ash content, hardness, combustion calorific value, emissions data, burn time and combustion efficiency were evaluated. It was found that the percent yields of charcoal and wood vinegar from pyrolysis of banana peel and banana bunch are 57%, 7.53% and 58.6%, 6.76%, respectively. The banana bunch charcoal retained some functional groups to a higher degree than the banana peel charcoal. These include -OH, C = O, C = C, C-H and C-C groups. The porous shapes of banana peel charcoal and banana bunch charcoal are honeycomb and tube structure, respectively. The calorific value of both charcoal briquettes decreased with increasing ratios of clay and ash content. The values range from 5,115.51 to 6,396.66 cal g −1 . The hardness obtained with 5% clay binder is 23.31 kg and 25.90 kg for banana peel charcoal briquette and banana bunch charcoal briquette, respectively. Both charcoal briquettes containing 5% clay are smokeless during combustion and result in red-brown ash after combustion. The dust and total CO emissions of banana peel charcoal briquette and banana bunch charcoal briquette during combustion are 15.38 µg m −3 and 3463 ppm and 11.97 µg m −3 and 1568 ppm, respectively. The maximum temperatures of water are 88 and 84°C and times needed to reach the maximum temperatures were 36 and 48 min for banana peel charcoal briquette and banana bunch charcoal briquette combustion, respectively. The maximum burning times and combustion efficiencies are 114 min and 9.10% and 92 min and 8.38% for banana peel charcoal briquette and banana bunch charcoal briquette, respectively.

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Section: Burningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated by Birzer et al (2014) that the temperature of fume gases affects the heat energy efficiency of stoves during the combustion process. The fume gas with higher temperature will result in higher energy loss from the stove and thus decrease the energy efficiency.…”

Section: Combustion Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Evaluation of Charcoal Briquettes Using Banana Peel and Banana Bunch Waste for Household Heating

Mopoung¹,

Udeye²

2017

American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

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“…Most of the published work on TLUDs has been focused on the application of this reactor for cooking purposes in developing countries since it generates low pollutant emissions with relatively high efficiency [24][25][26][27]. Brown [28] recognized the potential of the top-lit updraft configuration for the production of biochar and remarked the lack of research on this process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Biomass Physical Properties on Top-Lit Updraft Gasification of Woodchips

2016

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Abstract:The performance of a top-lit updraft gasifier affected by biomass (pine wood) particle size, moisture content and compactness was studied in terms of the biochar yield, biomass burning rate, syngas composition and tar content. The highest biochar yield increase (from 12.2% to 21.8%) was achieved by varying the particle size from 7 to 30 mm, however, larger particles triggered tar generation that reached its maximum of 93.5 g/m 3 syngas at 30-mm biomass particles; in contrast, the hydrogen content in syngas was at its minimum of 2.89% at this condition. The increase in moisture content from 10% to 22% reduced biochar yield from 12% to 9.9%. It also reduced the tar content from 12.9 to 6.2 g/m 3 which was found to be the lowest range of tar content in this work. Similarly, the carbon monoxide composition in syngas decreased to its minimum of 11.16% at moisture content of 22%. Finally, the biomass compactness increased biochar yield up to 17% when the packing mass was 3 kg. However, the addition of compactness also increased the tar content in syngas, but little effect was noticed in syngas composition.

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“…More recently, [12] presents results from the combustion of various dung types (from grazing animals) including zebra, bison and giraffe. This work was conducted to assess the appropriateness of using readily available cow dung to test cookstoves designed for buffalo dung.…”

Section: Cookstove Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference [12] also presents results of the quality of biochar produced from the HTRG TLUD. The key findings include that the quality of biochar is similar to commercial products, and biochar quality is dependent on burn durations.…”

Section: Cookstove Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humanitarian technology research group: Developments at the University of Adelaide

Birzer

Medwell

Kalt

2014

IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC 2014)

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The recently established Humanitarian Technology Research Group at the University of Adelaide, Australia, utilizes world-class research facilities and researchers in the fields of combustion, fluid mechanics and laser diagnostics in order to develop affordable technology for resourceconstrained communities. The motivation of the research group is to save lives and improve quality of life for all. Recent and on-going developments include bio-char producing, dung-burning cookstoves that produce 90% less carbon monoxide emissions compared with traditional threestone fires; and continuous-feed solar disinfection (SoDis) water treatment devices designed to eradicate water-borne pathogens. New projects include development of design guidelines to build wind turbines based on a range of manufacturing capabilities; bio-digesting toilets; and guidelines for the establishment of cookstove manufacturing plants. This paper highlights some recent results and developments from these projects.

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A Biochar-producing, Dung-burning Cookstove for Humanitarian Purposes

Cited by 34 publications

References 6 publications

Characterization and Evaluation of Charcoal Briquettes Using Banana Peel and Banana Bunch Waste for Household Heating

Characterization and Evaluation of Charcoal Briquettes Using Banana Peel and Banana Bunch Waste for Household Heating

The Effect of Biomass Physical Properties on Top-Lit Updraft Gasification of Woodchips

Humanitarian technology research group: Developments at the University of Adelaide

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