A Bioassay for Bovine Interleukin-1 by the A375 Cell Growth Inhibition.

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ABSTRACT. In order to obtain basic information about bovine interleukin-1 (IL-1β), levels of IL-1β in sera and milk of clinically normal mature Holstein cattle before and after parturition and in sera of newborn calves were examined by ELISA. The level of IL-1β was undetectable in sera of mature cattle around the time of artificial insemination, but the concentration gradually increased and reached a peak at parturition and then decreased again to an undetectable level. IL-1β in milk was detected on the day of parturition but not thereafter. IL-1β mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in the cells from milk collected during 20 days before and 2 to 3 days after parturition, but was not detected thereafter. Although IL-1β was not detected in all the sera of newborn calves, the concentration transiently increased with peak titers on day 3 and became undetectable by day 14 after birth. Newborns that showed serum IL-1β on day 3 had been fed on colostrum in which the IL-1β concentration was significantly higher than that in colostrum that had been fed to newborns having no detectable IL-1β on day 3. These results indicate that IL-1β is induced in association with pregnancy in healthy dairy cattle and that the cytokine might be transferred to neonates via colostrum. -KEY WORDS: cattle, colostrum, interleukin-1, pregnancy.

Section: Recombinant Bovine Interleukin-1β (Rbil-1β)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recombinant Bovine Interleukin-1β (Rbil-1β)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recombinant Bovine Interleukin-1β (Rbil-1β)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Interleukin-1.BETA. in Sera and Colostrum of Dairy Cattle and in Sera of Neonates.

Goto

Maruyama

Kitadate

et al. 1997

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“…The activities of cytokines were measured with a cellular bioassay, as described previously [5,14]. IL-1 activities were measured by a growth inhibition assay using A375 cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Phase Response in Naturally Occurring Coliform Mastitis.

Ohtsuka

Kudo²,

Mori³

et al. 2001

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ABSTRACT. Changes in the activities of serum cytokines and in acute phase response were observed in dairy cows with naturally occurring coliform mastitis. Seven cows with severe mastitis showed systemic and mammary inflammatory response throughout the observation period, and 11 cows with mild mastitis recovered and were able to be milked within 3 days of onset of mastitis. Serum interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activities were higher in the severe group than in the mild group at the first appearance of symptoms. Elevated IL-1 activity was evident in the severe group throughout the observation period. Serum α-1-acidglycoprotein (α1AG) concentration began to rise with the beginning of mastitis in the severe group, and peaked at 9 days. Serum haptoglobin (Hp) concentrations peaked at 3 days, and decreased gradually after 3 days in the severe group. These results showed that there are dynamic changes in serum IL-1 activity and in serum α1AG and Hp concentrations in cows with severe coliform mastitis. KEY WORDS: acute phase protein, coliform mastitis, cytokine.

“…Recombinant human (rh) TNF-α was used as a standard to calculate bovine TNF-α activity. Serum IL-1 activity was assayed on the basis of growth inhibition using A-375 cells as described previously [9]. The specificity of IL-1 was confirmed according to the inhibition or reduction of its activity by goat anti-human IL-1 antibody.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Cytokines and Antigen-Responsive Mononuclear Cells in Peripheral Blood of Cattle Infected with Salmonella Takoradi.

Konnai

Htsuka

Sakamoto³

et al. 2001

ABSTRACT. To determine the immunological response in lactating dairy cows infected with Salmonella (S.) Takoradi, the relationships among distributions of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) subpopulations, endotoxin concentrations and dynamics of inflammatory cytokines in blood were investigated. The ratio of CD4 + T cells to CD8 + T cells was significantly lower in the affected cattle than in the control cattle (p<0.05) to decrease in the number of CD4 + T cells in the infected cattle. In contrast, the numbers of γδ-T cells, MHC class II-positive cells were significantly higher in the affected cattle than in the control cattle (p<0.01 respectively). Endotoxemia was found in all but one of the affected cattle. Serum IL-1 and IL-6 bioactivities were significantly higher in the affected cattle than in the control cattle (IL-1, p<0.05; IL-6, p<0.01). Serum TNF-α activities and levels were not detected in the control and affected cattle. The activities of proinflammatory cytokines determined by the bioassay are important to the relationships between concentration of endotoxin, cytokines and clinical signs, such as leukocytosis, leukopenia, fever or bacterial shedding. Serum IL-2 levels were lower in the affected cattle than in the control cattle. Serum IFN-γ was not detected in the affected cattle except one. These results by the ELISA seemed to reflect the condition of subpopulation in the PBMCs from the shedding cattle. The present results suggest that cellular immunity is suppressed while the humoral immunity is activated in acute bovine salmonellosis. KEY WORDS: bovine salmonellosis, cytokine, endotoxin, PBMC.