2022
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj6894
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A bioactive phlebovirus-like envelope protein in a hookworm endogenous virus

Abstract: Endogenous viral elements (EVEs), accounting for 15% of our genome, serve as a genetic reservoir from which new genes can emerge. Nematode EVEs are particularly diverse and informative of virus evolution. We identify Atlas virus—an intact retrovirus-like EVE in the human hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum , with an envelope protein genetically related to G N -G C glycoproteins from the family Phenuiviridae. A cryo-EM structure of Atlas G … Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…Analogous to endogenous retroelements that gained env genes, Mavericks captured a novel fusogen, MFUS-1, which is likely instrumental for HGT in nematodes [67,68]. However, we could not detect transcription of the fusogen or any other Maverick gene.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 65%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Analogous to endogenous retroelements that gained env genes, Mavericks captured a novel fusogen, MFUS-1, which is likely instrumental for HGT in nematodes [67,68]. However, we could not detect transcription of the fusogen or any other Maverick gene.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 65%
“…Thanks to their unique biology, which shares features of both transposons and viruses, Mavericks are responsible for the widespread transfer of genes across extremely divergent species. Analogous to endogenous retroelements that gained env genes, Mavericks captured a novel fusogen, MFUS-1, which is likely instrumental for HGT in nematodes [67,68]. However, we could not detect transcription of the fusogen or any other Maverick gene.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 76%
“…Because of their unique biology, which shares features of both transposons and viruses, Mavericks are responsible for the widespread transfer of genes across extremely divergent species. Analogous to endogenous retroelements that gained env genes, Mavericks captured a novel fusogen, mfus-1 , which is likely instrumental for HGT in nematodes ( 70 , 71 ). However, we could not detect transcription of the fusogen or any other Maverick gene.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Viral capture of fusexin genes from early eukaryotic cells and further evolution within the virosphere led to extant viral (class II) fusexins (3). Common to all models, viral fusexin genes were captured by different eukaryotic lineages (4), leading to phlebovirus-like integrated fusogens and EFF-1 somatic fusogens 48 , 67 . Solid lines represent evolutionary trajectories of Archaea (red), viruses (blue), Eukarya (black), and eukaryogenesis (red to black gradient).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These putative events are at odds with the distribution of fusexins in extant viruses. All currently known viral fusexins belong to RNA viruses that are confined to a few multicellular hosts: vertebrates, arthropods, and flowering plants 47 , 48 . This distribution favors a scenario where viral fusexins, like many other eukaryotic viral proteins, have eukaryotic cellular origins 49 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%