A Better Zn-Ion Storage Device: Recent Progress for Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors

Abstract

As a new generation of Zn-ion storage systems, Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) garner tremendous interests recently from researchers due to the perfect integration of batteries and supercapacitors. ZHSCs have excellent integration of high energy density and power density, which seamlessly bridges the gap between batteries and supercapacitors, becoming one of the most viable future options for large-scale equipment and portable electronic devices. However, the currently reported two configurations of ZHSCs and corresponding energy storage mechanisms still lack systematic analyses. Herein, this review will be prudently organized from the perspectives of design strategies, electrode configurations, energy storage mechanisms, recent advances in electrode materials, electrolyte behaviors and further applications (micro or flexible devices) of ZHSCs. The synthesis processes and electrochemical properties of well-designed Zn anodes, capacitor-type electrodes and novel Zn-ion battery-type cathodes are comprehensively discussed. Finally, a brief summary and outlook for the further development of ZHSCs are presented as well. This review will provide timely access for researchers to the recent works regarding ZHSCs.

Metal–organic frameworks and their derivatives for metal-ion (Li, Na, K and Zn) hybrid capacitors

“…99 MIHCs can be classied into three types according to the reaction mechanism, including electrolyte consuming, metalion exchange, and hybrid mechanisms depending on the consumption of the electrolyte. [104][105][106][107][108] (1) For the electrolyte consuming mechanism, they are usually based on battery-type materials as an anode and capacitor-type materials as a cathode. During the charge/discharge process, metal cations shuttle between the cathode and anode.…”

Ammonium ion pre-intercalation stabilized tunnel h-WO3 for fast NH4+ storage

“…However, it has poor structural stability during charge storage, and is prone to dissolve in (weakly) acidic aqueous solutions, resulting in abnormal structural collapse. 32 Therefore, it is of great significance to explore a new stabilization strategy for tunnel-structured electrodes to realize synergistic improvement of the stability and capacity of tunnel-structured NH 4 + storage devices.…”

Metal–Organic Framework Materials for Electrochemical Supercapacitors

“…1b), and hybrid capacitors (Fig. 1c), according to the diverse energy storage mechanisms [6][7][8][9][10].…”