2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.08.006
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

A Bayesian perspective on delusions: Suggestions for modifying two reasoning tasks

Abstract: A more detailed reporting of differences between patients with delusions is warranted.

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
3
1
1

Citation Types

0
6
0
2

Year Published

2017
2017
2022
2022

Publication Types

Select...
6

Relationship

1
5

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 7 publications
(8 citation statements)
references
References 41 publications
0
6
0
2
Order By: Relevance
“…We sought to investigate the role of these candidate neurotransmitter systems by comparing three probabilistic beads task conditions, together with pharmacological manipulations of glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission in healthy participants. To relate our findings to SCZ, we additionally tested patients diagnosed with paranoid SCZ with the same tasks, while they were in a psychotic state, as this symptom domain has been correlated to decision-making impairments (6,12,(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31). On the basis that disturbances of glutamatergic and dopaminergic signaling are proposed to contribute to impaired probabilistic reasoning, we hypothesized that decreased glutamatergic and increased dopaminergic neurotransmission would both result in overweighting of sensory information and JTC in healthy subjects, whereas increased glutamatergic and reduced dopaminergic neurotransmission would induce opposite effects.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We sought to investigate the role of these candidate neurotransmitter systems by comparing three probabilistic beads task conditions, together with pharmacological manipulations of glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission in healthy participants. To relate our findings to SCZ, we additionally tested patients diagnosed with paranoid SCZ with the same tasks, while they were in a psychotic state, as this symptom domain has been correlated to decision-making impairments (6,12,(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31). On the basis that disturbances of glutamatergic and dopaminergic signaling are proposed to contribute to impaired probabilistic reasoning, we hypothesized that decreased glutamatergic and increased dopaminergic neurotransmission would both result in overweighting of sensory information and JTC in healthy subjects, whereas increased glutamatergic and reduced dopaminergic neurotransmission would induce opposite effects.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ausgrenzung in der Schule) in der Kindheit oder der Adoleszenz genährt werden [Bentall et al, 2014]. Tatsächlich wurde in experimentellen Paradigmen gezeigt, dass Hypothesen, die als erstes betrachtet wurden, sich eher durchsetzten und auch generell als plausibler beurteilt wurden als spätere [Moritz und Woodward, 2004] [Westermann et al, 2015;Pfuhl, 2016]. Wie bereits die Gründern der modernen Psychiatrie hervorhoben [Jaspers, 1913;Kraepelin, 1919], gehen Wahnvorstellungen oft mit einer Erleichterung (insight relief) einher [Kapur, 2003].…”
Section: Die Rolle Von Emotionenunclassified
“…Wie oben beschrieben vermuten wir, dass eine wahnhafte Idee eher an Stärke gewinnen und bestehen bleiben wird, wenn sie mit dem aktuellen emotionalen Zustand der Person übereinstimmt, eine intrapsychische Funktion erfüllt und vor allem, wenn sie das Selbstwertgefühl erhöht und/oder Ambiguität reduziert. [Bentall et al, 2001;Lincoln et al, 2014b;Pfuhl, 2016], derzeit noch nicht ausreichend erforscht bzw. belegt [Mackinnon et al, 2011;Galbraith und Manktelow, 2015], was auch methodischen Problemen geschuldet sein könnte [Moritz et al, 2006a].…”
Section: Wirkmechanismen Pharmakologischer Und Nichtpharmakologischerunclassified
“…Within this framework, some authors compared performance of participants using different ratios of beads. The logic behind this manipulation is that a ratio of beads of 60:40 is thought to constitute a more difficult-or more cognitively demanding-version of the task, compared to either 85:15 or 80:20 ratios ( Ross et al, 2015 ; Pfuhl, 2017 ). The 60:40 ratio provides more ambiguous evidence, resulting in low discriminability.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The GE approach eventually allows to calculate the likelihood of each bead being drawn from a jar using a Bayesian model ( Moutoussis et al, 2011 ). It is thereby possible to study the deviation of participants’ estimates from the exact Bayesian likelihoods ( Pfuhl, 2017 ). Within this framework, Speechley et al (2010) proposed a version of the Beads task using lakes instead of jars.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%