“…Another multi-modal approach was adopted by Cho et al [ 70 ]. A chronic wound monitoring system was developed that could interface multiple signals, being voltage, resistance and capacitance measurements, using an integrated circuit.…”
Section: Multi-modal Measurement Techniques For Skin Hydrationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Results conveyed a strong agreement between the developed multi-modal device and state-of-the-art techniques. Multi-Modal—Thermal and Electrical Cho et al [ 70 ] 2019 Authors used a multi-modal approach where they developed a chronic wound monitoring system that could interface multiple signals, being voltage, resistance and capacitance measurements, using an integrated circuit Results concluded that the developed multi-modal sensor system is able to deliver an accurate and reliable diagnosis of chronic wounds at a lower cost and consumption of energy. Multi-Modal—Electrical …”
The presence of water in the skin is crucial for maintaining the properties and functions of the skin, in particular its outermost layer, known as the stratum corneum, which consists of a lipid barrier. External exposures can affect the skin’s hydration levels and in turn, alter its mechanical and physical properties. Monitoring these alterations in the skin’s water content can be applicable in clinical, cosmetic, athletic and personal settings. Many techniques measuring this parameter have been investigated, with electrical-based methods currently being widely used in commercial devices. Furthermore, the exploration of optical techniques to measure hydration is growing due to the outcomes observed through the penetration of light at differing levels. This paper comprehensively reviews such measurement techniques, focusing on recent experimental studies and state-of-the-art devices.
“…Another multi-modal approach was adopted by Cho et al [ 70 ]. A chronic wound monitoring system was developed that could interface multiple signals, being voltage, resistance and capacitance measurements, using an integrated circuit.…”
Section: Multi-modal Measurement Techniques For Skin Hydrationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Results conveyed a strong agreement between the developed multi-modal device and state-of-the-art techniques. Multi-Modal—Thermal and Electrical Cho et al [ 70 ] 2019 Authors used a multi-modal approach where they developed a chronic wound monitoring system that could interface multiple signals, being voltage, resistance and capacitance measurements, using an integrated circuit Results concluded that the developed multi-modal sensor system is able to deliver an accurate and reliable diagnosis of chronic wounds at a lower cost and consumption of energy. Multi-Modal—Electrical …”
The presence of water in the skin is crucial for maintaining the properties and functions of the skin, in particular its outermost layer, known as the stratum corneum, which consists of a lipid barrier. External exposures can affect the skin’s hydration levels and in turn, alter its mechanical and physical properties. Monitoring these alterations in the skin’s water content can be applicable in clinical, cosmetic, athletic and personal settings. Many techniques measuring this parameter have been investigated, with electrical-based methods currently being widely used in commercial devices. Furthermore, the exploration of optical techniques to measure hydration is growing due to the outcomes observed through the penetration of light at differing levels. This paper comprehensively reviews such measurement techniques, focusing on recent experimental studies and state-of-the-art devices.
“…The challenge of merging multi-sensor interfaces may also require a technical break to innovate. From the perspective of hardware signal reading, Cho et al [ 146 ] fabricated an integrated chip, enabling the monitoring of acquisition voltage, current, and capacitor sensor data in time-sharing mode.…”
Chronic wounds that are difficult to heal can cause persistent physical pain and significant medical costs for millions of patients each year. However, traditional wound care methods based on passive bandages cannot accurately assess the wound and may cause secondary damage during frequent replacement. With advances in materials science and smart sensing technology, flexible wearable sensors for wound condition assessment have been developed that can accurately detect physiological markers in wounds and provide the necessary information for treatment decisions. The sensors can implement the sensing of biochemical markers and physical parameters that can reflect the infection and healing process of the wound, as well as transmit vital physiological information to the mobile device through optical or electrical signals. Most reviews focused on the applicability of flexible composites in the wound environment or drug delivery devices. This paper summarizes typical biochemical markers and physical parameters in wounds and their physiological significance, reviews recent advances in flexible wearable sensors for wound detection based on optical and electrical sensing principles in the last 5 years, and discusses the challenges faced and future development. This paper provides a comprehensive overview for researchers in the development of flexible wearable sensors for wound detection.
“…In addition, only a limited number of the reported solutions support battery-less operation [ 55 , 56 ] and are not optimized for low-cost applications [ 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. The DC power consumption of battery-less NFC sensors reported in the literature is generally higher than 1.5 mW [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 34 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 47 , 53 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ]. In [ 24 , 38 ], an NFC sensor power consumption of less than 1 mW has been reported, however the authors did not report the precise value of the power consumption.…”
For the first time, this paper reports a smart museum archive box that features a fully integrated wireless powered temperature and humidity sensor. The smart archive box has been specifically developed for microclimate environmental monitoring of stored museum artifacts in cultural heritage applications. The developed sensor does not require a battery and is wirelessly powered using Near Field Communications (NFC). The proposed solution enables a convenient means for wireless sensing with the operator by simply placing a standard smartphone in close proximity to the cardboard archive box. Wireless sensing capability has the advantage of enabling long-term environmental monitoring of the contents of the archive box without having to move and open the box for reading or battery replacement. This contributes to a sustainable preventive conservation strategy and avoids the risk of exposing the contents to the external environment, which may result in degradation of the stored artifacts. In this work, a low-cost and fully integrated NFC sensor has been successfully developed and demonstrated. The developed sensor is capable of wirelessly measuring temperature and relative humidity with a mean error of 0.37 °C and ±0.35%, respectively. The design has also been optimized for low power operation with a measured peak DC power consumption of 900 μW while yielding a 4.5 cm wireless communication range. The power consumption of the NFC sensor is one of the lowest found in the literature. To the author’s knowledge, the NFC sensor proposed in this paper is the first reporting of a smart archive box that is wirelessly powered and uniquely integrated within a cardboard archive box.
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