A battery-operated, continous-flow enclosure for metabolism studies in benthic communities

Kautsky, Nils

doi:10.1007/bf00397624

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…in June. But it must be pointed out that due to the lack of up-to-date equipment for long-term measurements (a continuous flow-through system as described for instance by Kautsky (1984) and Lindblad et al ( 1986)) only a rough estimate of primary production was possible.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Net Photosynthesis and Production of Furcellaria Lumbricalis in Kassari Bay, Estonia

Paalme¹

1994

Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Net Photosynthesis and Production of Furcellaria Lumbricalis in Kassari Bay, Estonia

Paalme¹

1994

Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Biology

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“…We employed the in situ flow-through system of Kautsky (1984) and Lindblad et al (1986Lindblad et al ( , 1988 to study the functional response of Fucus communities. The system consisted of a submersible pump which filled a tank which in turn provided a constant head of water to each of ten transparent acrylic jars (volume 20 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional response of Fucus vesiculosus communities to tributyltin measured in an in situ continuous flow-through system

Lindblad

Kautsky

André³

et al. 1989

Hydrobiologia

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The effects of antifouling paint leachate containing tributyltin on community metabolism and nutrient dynamics were measured in situ on natural communities dominated by Fucus vesiculosus. The measurements were made in two areas with different salinities and at various TBT concentrations up to about 5 Mg 1-'. A portable continuous flow-through system was used in which the communities were incubated for a week. Continual measurements of oxygen, temperature, light and flow rate of water were made. A Perturbation Index (PI) and an Absolute Disturbance Index (ADI) were used to describe the changes due to treatment relative to the control, and to obtain a total picture of disturbance using all measured parameters. Photosynthesis was particularly strongly affected and changes were obvious in oxygen production and nutrient uptake at TBT levels as low as 0.6 #g 1-.

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“…Thus, in a closed system, determinations of fluxes may vary over time a s an artifact of the experimental isolation. The limitations of closed systems have been recognized by many researchers (Odum & Hoskin 1958, Jannasch 1974, Kemp & Boynton 1980, Kautsky 1984. In practice, these problems have been minimized with the use of short incubations or successive determinations of solute concentration.…”

Section: Theoretical Aspects Of Continuous Flow Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a large variety in configuration and purpose among the continuous flow systems designed for the determination of benthic exchange rates [Pamatmat (1965), marine, 02; Gallepp (1979), freshwater, PO,; Bottom (1981), marine, 0,; Liere et al (1982), freshwater, PO,; Nishio et al (1983), 02, DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen); Kautsky (1984), aquatic systems, 02; Twinch & Peters (1984), freshwater, PO,; Fowler et al (1987), freshwater, Si, PO,; Sundback & Graneli (1988), marine, O,, DIN, PO4, Si; Yamamuro & Koike (1993), marine, PN (particulate nitrogen). DIN, DON (dissolved organic nitrogen), PO4; Hansen & Blackburn (1992), marine, 02, COz, NH,, N 0 3 + N 0 2 , DON; Risgaard-Petersen et al (1994), aquatic systems, 02, NH4, NO3, N2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory and operation of continuous flow systems for the study of benthic-pelagic coupling

Miller‐Way¹,

Rr²

1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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ABSTRACT. Continuous flow systems have not been widely used in the study of benthic-pelagic coupling in marine systems. T h~s paper discusses the theoret~cal and practical use of continuous flow systems for the study of benthlc exchange processes and presents the results of experiments w h~c h compared continuous flow (open) and closed (batch) systems and investigated the sensitivity of exchange rates to residence t~m e s in a continuous flow system. Continuous flow systems minimize the problem of environmental dependency of benthic-pelagic exchange rates by maintaining initial experimental conditions throughout an ~ncubatlon. However, the selection of a supply rate (i.e. residence timc) is cntical in their operation. Variable res~dence times delineate 3 patterns of sediment-water exchange a hnear response which reflects an optimal supply rate, a feedback response which indicates deviation from initial experimental conditions (environmental dependency), and a washout response which results in a n erroneous estimate of exchange. For either closed (batch) or continuous flow incubations, only linear responses result In valid estimates of sediment-water column exchange. Sediment oxygen consumption and benthic fluxes of NH,. NO,, PO, (1 station), and Si(OH), (both stations) were significantly greater when measured using continuous flow methodology than when using closed (batch) incubations. Sediment oxygen consumption as well a s fluxes of NO,+NO, varied directly with supply rdte, while fluxes of NH, were not significantly different over the range of supply rates tested. Examinations of overlying water nutrient concentrat~ons ~ndicated that observed differences in benthic fluxes between the 2 methods and the varying sensitivities of nutrient flux to supply rate were a function of the res~dence time of the overlying water In the core. Rates were s~m~l a r when both techniques resulted In linear rpsponses. Differences between techniques resulted when either feedback or washout responses were observed. The observed variable response among nutnents Indicated that the kinetics of b e n t h~c regeneration dlffer among nutrients and implies that operation of continuous flow systems (1.e. restdence time) should be opt~mized for the analyte under study. Open (continuous flow) systcms have many advantages for the determination of benthic-pelagic exchange rates. In a continuous flow system, initial experimental conditions are maintained throughout an incubation. This permits experiments of relatively long duration which allows ~ncreased statistical rigor and permits the direct study of causeeffect relationships through the use of experimental manipulations. The primary disadvantage of continuous flow systems lies in their labor-~ntensive operation.

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A battery-operated, continous-flow enclosure for metabolism studies in benthic communities

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Net Photosynthesis and Production of Furcellaria Lumbricalis in Kassari Bay, Estonia

Net Photosynthesis and Production of Furcellaria Lumbricalis in Kassari Bay, Estonia

Functional response of Fucus vesiculosus communities to tributyltin measured in an in situ continuous flow-through system

Theory and operation of continuous flow systems for the study of benthic-pelagic coupling

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