A Bandwidth Efficient Hybrid Multilevel Pulse Width Modulation for Visible Light Communication System: Experimental and Theoretical Evaluation

Abstract

Visible light communication (VLC) is considered a new technology for interconnecting devices in 5G and beyond. VLC can provide additional bandwidth for communicating devices which can help to reduce the radio frequency bandwidth congestion. In this work, we aim to maximize the bandwidth usages for VLC. The proposed modulation technique can impose more bits due to the combined utilization of both pulse height and width changes. Moreover, we subdivide the single bit duration to impose more bits for data transmission. The proposed modulation is capable of transmitting more bits by utilizing fewer optical pulses than other traditional modulation techniques such as multilevel modulation, on-off keying, pulse width modulation, pulse position modulation, pulse amplitude modulation, and multiple pulse position modulation. We have evaluated the theoretical bit error rate (BER) expression in terms of average signal to noise ratio and compared the experimental BER performance for the proposed system. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed modulation technique can achieve a communication distance of 3 m in an indoor environment.

A Comprehensive Survey on MIMO Visible Light Communication: Current Research, Machine Learning and Future Trends

“…Next, any of the modulation techniques can be chosen for communication. The common modulation technique includes on-off keying (OOK), pulse position modulation (PPM), multiple pulse position modulation (MPPM), pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), and pulse width modulation [ 6 ]. Other complex modulations are also available for VLC, and readers are encouraged to read the referenced paper for more details [ 69 ].…”

“…The visible light spectrum has a large bandwidth which can be an additional solution for radio frequency (RF) communication. The visible light spectrum ranges from 380 nm to 750 nm, corresponding to a frequency spectrum in the range of 430 THz to 790 THz [ 6 ]. The spectrum scarcity in RF can impose limitations on device connectivities of the internet of things (IoT) where VLC can provide a promising solution [ 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Real-Time Implementation of Hybrid Visible Light/Infrared Communications Supporting Full-Range Dynamic Dimming Control

“…Consequently, it only demonstrated dimming control cases at 0.3 and 0.7, and its dimming accuracy was compromised [4]. To assess the practicality and real-world performance of dimming control schemes, some studies have conducted realtime experiments [22], [23], [24], [25], [26]. Table I compares various dimming control experiments.…”