“…Among photosynthetic microbes, cyanobacteria are photoautotrophic prokaryotes that have simpler and more developed genetic tools than microalgae. As such, they have attracted significant attention as the potential next generation cell factory and have been used to produce various chemicals including alcohols (Atsumi, Higashide, & Liao, ; Z. X. Gao, Zhao, Li, Tan, & Lu, ; Hirokawa, Dempo, Fukusaki, & Hanai, ), hydroxyacids (Angermayr et al, ; Ku & Lan, ; Lan et al, ; Varman, Yu, You, & Tang, ; B. Wang, Pugh, Nielsen, Zhang, & Meldrum, ; Y. Wang et al, ), diacids (Chin, Sano, Takahashi, Ohara, & Aso, ; Lan & Wei, ), olefins (Bentley, García‐Cerdán, Chen, & Melis, ; Formighieri & Melis, ; X. Gao et al, ; Xiong et al, ), diols (Hirokawa, Maki, Tatsuke, & Hanai, ; Oliver, Machado, Yoneda, & Atsumi, ), and others (Angermayr, Gorchs Rovira, & Hellingwerf, ; Case & Atsumi, ; Lai & Lan, ). However, to our knowledge, direct photosynthetic butyrate production has not been reported.…”