A bacterium’s enemy isn’t your friend

Gilmore, Michael S.; Miller, Ona Kealoha

doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07414-w

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Gilmore and his associates wanted to determine how the enormous accretion of mobile elements affect the competitive growth of enterococci in the gastrointestinal tract consortium [ 303 , 445 ]. They observed that the prototype clinical isolate strain (V583) was actively killed by the gastrointestinal tract flora, while commensal enterococci flourished.…”

Section: Adaptive Evolution: Trends and Mechanisms In Relation To mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug Resistance (MDR) and Collateral Sensitivity in Bacteria, with Special Attention to Genetic and Evolutionary Aspects and to the Perspectives of Antimicrobial Peptides—A Review

Fodor

Abate²,

Deák

et al. 2020

Pathogens

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Antibiotic poly-resistance (multidrug-, extreme-, and pan-drug resistance) is controlled by adaptive evolution. Darwinian and Lamarckian interpretations of resistance evolution are discussed. Arguments for, and against, pessimistic forecasts on a fatal “post-antibiotic era” are evaluated. In commensal niches, the appearance of a new antibiotic resistance often reduces fitness, but compensatory mutations may counteract this tendency. The appearance of new antibiotic resistance is frequently accompanied by a collateral sensitivity to other resistances. Organisms with an expanding open pan-genome, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, can withstand an increased number of resistances by exploiting their evolutionary plasticity and disseminating clonally or poly-clonally. Multidrug-resistant pathogen clones can become predominant under antibiotic stress conditions but, under the influence of negative frequency-dependent selection, are prevented from rising to dominance in a population in a commensal niche. Antimicrobial peptides have a great potential to combat multidrug resistance, since antibiotic-resistant bacteria have shown a high frequency of collateral sensitivity to antimicrobial peptides. In addition, the mobility patterns of antibiotic resistance, and antimicrobial peptide resistance, genes are completely different. The integron trade in commensal niches is fortunately limited by the species-specificity of resistance genes. Hence, we theorize that the suggested post-antibiotic era has not yet come, and indeed might never come.

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Section: Adaptive Evolution: Trends and Mechanisms In Relation To mentioning

confidence: 99%