A Bacterial Type III Effector Targets the Master Regulator of Salicylic Acid Signaling, NPR1, to Subvert Plant Immunity

Chen, Huan; Chen, Jian; Li, Min; Chang, Ming; Xu, Kaimei; Shang, Zhenhua; Zhao, Yanling; Palmer, Ian Arthur; Zhang, Yuqiang; McGill, Jon; Alfano, James R.; Nishimura, Marc T.; Liu, Fengquan; Fu, Zheng Qing

doi:10.1016/j.chom.2017.10.019

Cited by 126 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Remarkably, a recent study reported that the effector AvrPtoB could ubiquitinate and mediate the degradation of NON‐EXPRESSER OF PR GENES 1 (NPR1), a master regulator of salicylic acid (SA) signaling and plays an essential role in ETI, to block SA‐dependent immunity (Cao et al 1997; Chen et al 2017). A more recent study also demonstrated that the effector HopBF1 from P. syringae mimics as a client of HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 90 (HSP90), which facilitates the maturation and activation of multiple NLRs, to specifically interact with and phosphorylate HSP90, resulting in the inactivation of HSP90 and suppression of NLRs‐mediated immunity (Schulze‐Lefert 2004; Kadota and Shirasu 2012; Lopez et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant immune signaling: Advancing on two frontiers

Wang

Feng

Zhou

et al. 2020

JIPB

176

144

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Plants have evolved multiple defense strategies to cope with pathogens, among which plant immune signaling that relies on cell-surface localized and intracellular receptors takes fundamental roles. Exciting breakthroughs were made recently on the signaling mechanisms of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain receptors (NLRs). This review summarizes the current view of PRRs activation, emphasizing the most recent discoveries about PRRs' dynamic regulation and signaling mechanisms directly leading to downstream molecular events including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and calcium (Ca 2+ ) burst. Plants also have evolved intracellular NLRs to perceive the presence of specific pathogen effectors and trigger more robust immune responses. We also discuss the current understanding of the mechanisms of NLR activation, which has been greatly advanced by recent breakthroughs including structures of the first full-length plant NLR complex, findings of NLR sensor-helper pairs and novel biochemical activity of Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant immune signaling: Advancing on two frontiers

Wang

Feng

Zhou

et al. 2020

JIPB

176

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, how pathogen effectors target NPR1 to diminish SA-dependent signaling pathway remained a mystery until recently. An impressive recent research reported that the P. syringae type III effector AvrPtoB, a U-box type E3 ubiquitin ligase, mediates the degradation of NPR1 via host 26S proteasome, resulting in disrupting SA signaling, pattern-triggered immunity and systemic acquired resistance (Chen et al 2017). In addition, a Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Phytophthora capsici virulence effector associates with NPR1 and suppresses plant immune responses

Chen

et al. 2019

Phytopathol Res

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Salicylic acid (SA) plays a crucial regulatory role in plant immunity. NPR1 (non-expressor of pathogenesis related-1) is a SA receptor and plays a pivotal role in SA signaling. However, pathogen effectors which target NPR1 to promote infection have rarely been reported. Here, we identified a Phytophthora capsici effector RxLR48 that associates with NPR1, facilitates P. capsici infection and is required for pathogen virulence. Furthermore, we demonstrated that RxLR48 promotes NPR1's nuclear localization and inhibits its proteasome-mediated degradation, suggesting that RxLR48 suppresses SA signaling by targeting the central regulator NPR1. In addition, we showed that RxLR48 also suppresses pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). Together, our research indicates that P. capsici suppresses plant immunity by targeting SA and PTI pathways.

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“…The SUMO-interaction motif (SIM3) located in the ANK domain of NPR1 is modified by SUMO3 to regulate the defence response 36 . Pseudomonas syringae type III effector AvrPtoB targets NPR1 and subverts plant innate immunity by repressing NPR1-dependent SA signalling 37 . ACD6 and BDA1 are also ANK proteins and function as positive regulators of SA signalling in defence responses [38][39][40] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ankyrin-repeat and WRKY-domain-containing immune receptor confers stripe rust resistance in wheat

et al. 2020

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Perception of pathogenic effectors in plants often relies on nucleotide-binding domain (NBS) and leucine-rich-repeat-containing (NLR) proteins. Some NLRs contain additional domains that function as integrated decoys for pathogen effector targets and activation of immune signalling. Wheat stripe rust is one of the most devastating diseases of crop plants. Here, we report the cloning of YrU1, a stripe rust resistance gene from the diploid wheat Triticum urartu, the progenitor of the A genome of hexaploid wheat. YrU1 encodes a coiled-coil-NBS-leucinerich repeat protein with N-terminal ankyrin-repeat and C-terminal WRKY domains, representing a unique NLR structure in plants. Database searches identify similar architecture only in wheat relatives. Transient expression of YrU1 in Nicotiana benthamiana does not induce cell death in the absence of pathogens. The ankyrin-repeat and coiled-coil domains of YrU1 selfassociate, suggesting that homodimerisation is critical for YrU1 function. The identification and cloning of this disease resistance gene sheds light on NLR protein function and may facilitate breeding to control the devastating wheat stripe rust disease.

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A Bacterial Type III Effector Targets the Master Regulator of Salicylic Acid Signaling, NPR1, to Subvert Plant Immunity

Cited by 126 publications

References 57 publications

Plant immune signaling: Advancing on two frontiers

Plant immune signaling: Advancing on two frontiers

A Phytophthora capsici virulence effector associates with NPR1 and suppresses plant immune responses

An ankyrin-repeat and WRKY-domain-containing immune receptor confers stripe rust resistance in wheat

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