A atenção à pessoa humana - paciente e aluno - no âmbito da formação em odontologia: o papel do docente, da reestruturação curricular e da bioética

Abstract

The attention to the human person requests the recognition of his/her dignity. For that, it is necessary that the person is perceived as a unique being, as a unity of body and spirit and in his/her totality, in other words, in several dimensions (biological, psychological, social and spiritual). To understand this necessary attention, in the extent of the formation in Dentistry, this study discusses the meaning of the curricular restructuring of Sao Paulo State University Dental School (FOUSP), of the teacher's contribution and of Bioethics for the student's integral formation, so this attention enables the integral approach of the health-disease process and that, consequently, promote the respect to the patient's dignity. It is qualitative study accomplished through ethnographic analysis and trough thematic analysis of content. For that, data collection consisted of observation-participant (the researcher's immersion for three years in the institution), of the analysis of documental data, of interviews with teachers and information obtained with under-graduation. The analysis of the activities promoted in reason of the participation of the institution in the Pró-saúde allows concluding that great progress has been observed as of the process of restructuring the curriculum, as the teachers' pedagogic training, the diversification of practice sceneries and the restructuring of clinical teaching. But, above all, it allows considering that the largest contribution of this process is the rescue of the concern of all with the under graduation teaching. Besides, the teaching of Bioethics can contribute to rouse in the student the reflection on life from his/her own experiences. Above all when the teaching of Bioethics happens in practice, experiencing real situations, that allow the student to develop a critical thinking based on circumstances that students' and patients" glances can cross, ethical attitudes are exercised and will be assimilated more easily by the students. Finally, for the student's formation to be integral, as described in the National Curricular Guidelines and culminating with the integral care of the patient, the engagement of all the institution is necessary. This should happen through epistemological changes in the Institution (that is proposed by the curricular restructuring), and through participation of whole faculty that must be involved in the process of humanistic, social and ethical formation of the under graduation student.

Formação Humanística Nos Cursos De Odontologia

“…Atualmente o ensino e a prática em Saúde ainda sofrem resquícios de um passado em que se preconizava o tecnicismo sem levar em consideração a visão humanística entre profi ssional, aluno e paciente (LIMA, SOUZA, 2010;JUNQUEIRA, 2009;LUCATO, RAMOS, 2006;FREITAS, KOVALESKI, BOING, 2005;COSTA et al, 2002). Porém, independentemente de a atividade profi ssional estar vinculada ao serviço público ou à iniciativa privada, sabemos que alcançar o sucesso do atendimento e do tratamento depende do interrelacionamento entre os sujeitos envolvidos nesse processo.…”