A astronomia das constelações humanas. Reflexões sobre o pensamento de Claude Lévi-Strauss e a História

Abstract

Claude Levi-Strauss´ work reassumes its importance in the human sciences half a century after its glorious years passed. In countries like Brazil, The United States, France (to name just a few ones) some commentator´s recent works, from different areas of knowledge, make a balance as well as a critical retake of themes and problems treated by structural anthropology. Our work aims to be part of this new moment of reception of the ideas taken from structural anthropology, i. e., the moment in which Levi Strauss´ works are retaken and rethought due to new problems. The purpose of our thesis is to examine the role played by history in Levi Strauss´ thought. History, not only that lived by men but also that written by historians, goes through, in all senses, the most fundamental problems of structural anthropology. On one hand, the way men react to history is the criterium that Levi-Strauss uses to set up the principles for differentiating cultures (the famous distinction from hot and cold societies). On the other hand, the history written by historians is used to delimit the field of structural anthropology itself. Besides those utmost aspects, Levi-Strauss also puts a problem related to the epistemology of history when he compares history and myth. Levi-Strauss´ thought has gained some relevance in contemporary French historiography through François Hartog´s investigations about the various ways of timing in the societies. Hartog has set up a dialogue between anthropology and history, as well as a conversation among Claude Levi-Strauss, Marshall Sahlins and Reinhart Koselleck in order to create an instrument for a historical investigation of time: the notion of regimes of historicity. So, the main task of this study, which belongs to the field of intellectual history, is to trace some important contributions of structural anthropology to the historical knowledge.

Sobrevivendo no inferno: a escrita da história na eco-crise global

“…Se o critério, por exemplo, fosse a sobrevivência em ambientes inóspitos, os beduínos e os esquimós estariam no topo da escala, por suas habilidades de sobrevivência no deserto e no gelo, respectivamente. A intervenção de Lévi-Strauss trazia uma importante crítica das noções de progresso vigentes e do provincianismo de perspectivas pan-europeias que se pretendiam universais (Levi-Strauss, 2017;Iegelski, 2016).…”