A Amazônia Azul: recursos e preservação

Castro, Belmiro Mendes de; Brandini, Frederico Pereira; Dottori, Marcelo; Fortes, João Flesch

doi:10.11606/issn.2316-9036.v0i113p7-26

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…If the "Extended, External, Jurisdictional" or "Legal Continental Shelf" claimed to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf of the United Nations in three "Revised Partial Proposals" for the outer limit of the Brazilian Continental Shelf (2.1 million km 2 ) is added to this area, the total oceanic area called the "Blue Amazon" may be approximately 5.7 million km 2 . is immense oceanic area contains an enormous amount of economically, socially, and strategically relevant resources and is extremely important for climate stability and environmental quality of the adjacent coast [47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Multiple Surface Ocean Wind Products with Buoy Data over Blue Amazon (Brazilian Continental Margin)

Paiva

Kampel

Camayo

2021

Advances in Meteorology

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Remote sensing data for space-time characterization of wind fields in extensive oceanic areas have been shown to be increasingly useful. Orbital sensors, such as radar scatterometers, provide data on ocean surface wind speed and direction with spatial and temporal resolutions suitable for multiple applications and air-sea studies. Even considering the relevant role of orbital scatterometers to estimate ocean surface wind vectors on a regional and global scale, the products must be validated regionally. Six different ocean surface wind datasets, including advanced scatterometer (ASCAT-A and ASCAT-B products) estimates, numerical modelling simulations (BRAMS), reanalysis (ERA5), and a blended product (CCMP), were compared statistically with in situ measurements obtained by anemometers installed in fifteen moored buoys in the Brazilian margin (8 buoys in oceanic and 7 in shelf waters) to analyze which dataset best represents the wind field in this region. The operational ASCAT wind products presented the lowest differences in wind speed and direction from the in situ data (0.77 ms−1 < RMSEspd < 1.59 ms−1, 0.75 < Rspd < 0.96, −0.68 ms−1 < biasspd < 0.38 ms−1, and 12.7° < RMSEdir < 46.8°). CCMP and ERA5 products also performed well in the statistical comparison with the in situ data (0.81 ms−1 < RMSEspd < 1.87 ms−1, 0.76 < Rspd < 0.91, −1.21 ms−1 < biasspd < 0.19 ms−1, and 13.7° < RMSEdir < 46.3°). The BRAMS model was the one with the worst performance (RMSEspd > 1.04 m·s−1, Rspd < 0.87). For regions with a higher wind variability, as in the southern Brazilian continental margin, wind direction estimation by the wind products is more susceptible to errors (RMSEdir > 42.4°). The results here presented can be used for climatological studies and for the estimation of the potential wind power generation in the Brazilian margin, especially considering the lack of availability or representativeness of regional data for this type of application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Multiple Surface Ocean Wind Products with Buoy Data over Blue Amazon (Brazilian Continental Margin)

Paiva

Kampel

Camayo

2021

Advances in Meteorology

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“…Brazil has 10.959 km of coastline (4°N to 33°S) which is bathed in its entire length by the Atlantic Ocean. Additionally, its coast has an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) that includes up to 200 miles from the coast, encompassing the entire Continental Shelf and the oceanic islands [28]. The Brazilian coast is subdivided into three ecoregions based on the biogeographic system to classify the oceans: (1) Warm Temperate Southwestern Atlantic (South and Southeast regions); (2) Tropical Southwestern Atlantic (East and Northeast regions); and (3) North Brazil Shelf (Amazonia region) [29].…”

Section: Brazil: An Extensive and Environmentally Diverse Coastlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Brazilian Coast: A Significant Gap in the Knowledge of Cyanobacteria and Their Applications

Caires¹,

Affe²

2022

Cyanobacteria - Recent Advances in Taxonomy and Applications

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Brazil has 10.959 km of coastline which includes three ecoregions based on the biogeographic system, exhibiting a wide range of environments that favor the occurrence of numerous cyanobacterial morpho- and ecotypes. These organisms have a great adaptive capacity, which explains their occupancy in numerous environments and the high diversification of the group. Historically, the cyanobacteria have been classified only based on morphology, which makes their taxonomy quite challenging. There is usually little morphological variation between taxa, which makes it difficult to identify diacritical characteristics between some genera and species, making intergeneric and intraspecific delimitation tough. Thereby, the polyphasic approach based on different tools allows the identification of new taxa and the reassessment of those already established with more reliability, contributing to a better systematic resolution of the world ‘cyanoflora’, a term that we propose herein to describe the diversity of Cyanobacteria into Phycoflora area. However, the use of these tools is still not widely applied to most genera and species, especially those from tropical and subtropical environments, which has limited the real recognition of their biodiversity, as well as the knowledge about the cyanobacteria’s evolutionary history and biogeography. In Brazil, even with the great development of phycological studies, the knowledge about Cyanobacteria from marine benthic environments has not evolved to the same degree. This phylum has been neglected in floristic surveys, presenting only 46 benthic species reported to the long Brazilian coastline, evidencing the still incipient knowledge about the diversity and distribution of this microorganism’s group. Furthermore, biotechnological properties of Brazilian marine cyanobacteria are still almost completely unknown, with only three studies carried out to date, underestimating one of the most diverse groups and with promising potential for the possibility of isolating new biochemically active compounds. The ten new taxa related to the Brazilian coast in the last decade emphasizes the challenge of conducting further floristic surveys in the underexplored marine environments in order to fill an important lacune in the cyanoflora knowledge, as well as their biogeographic distribution and biotechnological potential. Besides, the recognition of the Brazilian cyanoflora makes an important contribution to the understanding of the functioning and monitoring of marine ecosystems and provide data for the construction of future public policies, which is a goal of the United Nations Decade for Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

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“…Apesar de os números parecerem expressivos, a verdade é que a pesca no país possui mais um valor social do que econômico. Castro et al (2017) revelam que as características físico-químicas das águas da Amazônia Azul não são totalmente favoráveis ao desenvolvimento da cadeia alimentar marinha, tornando, portanto, nossas costas oligotróficas em sua maior parte, isto é, relativamente pobres em nutrientes e com pequena produção primária (Castro et al, 2017, p. 13).…”

Section: Recursos Vivosunclassified

“…A primeira destas diz respeito à aquariofilia global, que movimenta até US$ 30 bilhões por ano em organismos ornamentais, como peixes e corais, grande parte de maneira predatória. Além disso, há a biotecnologia marinha e seu enorme potencial ao fornecimento de insumos às indústrias médica, farmacêutica, alimentar e de cosméticos (Castro et al, 2017). Castro et al (2017, p. 20) denominam de recursos não extrativos os serviços ecossistêmicos que "são recursos marinhos inerentes ao meio, não mensuráveis".…”

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Fronteiras do Brasil : referências para a formulação de políticas públicas, volume 6

2021

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A Amazônia Azul: recursos e preservação

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Comparison of Multiple Surface Ocean Wind Products with Buoy Data over Blue Amazon (Brazilian Continental Margin)

Comparison of Multiple Surface Ocean Wind Products with Buoy Data over Blue Amazon (Brazilian Continental Margin)

Brazilian Coast: A Significant Gap in the Knowledge of Cyanobacteria and Their Applications

Fronteiras do Brasil : referências para a formulação de políticas públicas, volume 6

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