A abordagem \"ecossistema\" em teoria organizacional: fundamentos e contribuições.

Abstract

This dissertation is an attempt to push forward the knowledge boundary concerning the construct "ecosystem" placed in the organizational theory, precisely within the innovation management field. The investigation was considered important because it arouses the interest both of the scientific community than the managers and entrepreneurs. After the literature review, which included the most important publications about the theme, it came to our sight that this approach use concepts of different theories, mainly the system theory, the value chain and the network theory. Along with this finding, this study arrive to the following research question: "How does the Ecosystem approach explains -in an original basis facing the value chain and the network theory -the entrepreneurship activity in technological startups?". From this debate, an insight sparkles, saying that the ecosystem logic offers more benefits during the instability phases of a business, when the way to follow is uncertain. This feature, assuming to be right, would be particular useful for organizations placed in dynamic markets, which are environments surrounded by uncertainties. In order to test this hypothesis, four propositions were formulated: (P1) The ecosystem logic has good adherence in startups, because it can adapt to the changes that were not expected in the first planning scope; (P2) because the value chain do not consider the complementors, it loses capability to evaluate a business startup; (P3) the value chain is a tool for continuous improvement , and therefore, have difficulties to deal with disruptive changes that modifies an organization stable state; (P4) mapping a network is complex and costly, hampering its practical execution. The investigation of these propositions was conducted through semi structured interviews performed with four startups. Concerning to the proposition (P1), we concluded that beyond the adaptation expected in the first place, the ecosystem can also suggest objective goals to be chased so that the ecosystem can survive and evolve to the next stage. The proposition (P2) was also confirmed in the field research, suggesting that the complementors have significant relevance on the client's value perception regarding the focal firms' offer. Besides, this research also proposes that not every complementors should be tracked from the focal firm, but only the ones that are at the technological innovation boundary edge.The proposition (P3) couldn't be verified in this study while the proposition (P4) needs more investigation to a reliable conclusion. The research concludes with 8 a positive perspective about the ecosystem, believing it is a promising approach for organizations residing in high velocity markets. Since this is an exploratory study we strongly suggest that the investigations do not end in this dissertation, where is presented some possible paths so that this work can be continued.

Ecossistema do turismo de base comunitária: uma análise a partir dos negócios com impacto social em Corumbá-MS

“…Um ecossistema de negócio é estruturado pela dinâmica existente nos agentes presentes no ambiente de uma empresa, ele é formado por diferentes tipos de organizações que contribuem de diferentes formas para a melhoria produtiva do empreendimento (FRANCISCO; PINTO; BOTTER, 2017). O ecossistema se baseia em organizações que se relacionam de forma interdependente, esses agentes do ecossistema de negócio compartilham conhecimento e recursos por considerarem que dessa forma, apodem alcançar os objetivos de uma maneira melhor do que se trabalhassem individualmente (IKENAMI, 2016).…”

Social entrepreneurship ecosystem: The case of the state of Paraíba

“…The ecosystem is based on organizations that relate interdependently. These business ecosystem agents share knowledge and resources because they consider that in this way, they can achieve the objectives in a better way than if they worked individually (Ikenami, 2016).…”

Ecossistema de negócios com impacto social e o potencial desenvolvimento do turismo de base comunitária em Bonito-MS

“…O ecossistema de negócio se baseia em organizações que se relacionam de forma interdependente, compartilham conhecimento e recursos por considerarem que dessa forma, podem alcançar os objetivos de forma mais eficiente do que se trabalhassem individualmente (Ikenami, 2016). As organizações que adotam estratégias que proporcionam a melhoria do ecossistema de negócios geram melhores resultados (Jingn & Xiong-Jian, 2011).…”