A 9000 km 5 Gb/s and 21,000 km 2.4 Gb/s Feasibility Demonstration of Transoceanic EDFA Systems Using a Circulating Loop

Bergano, Neal S.; Aspell, J.; Davidson, Carl; Trischitta, P.R.; Nyman, B.M.; Kerfoot, F.

doi:10.1364/ofc.1991.pd13

Cited by 26 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the following analysis, the ASE noise generated by EDFAs is assumed to be remarkably low and can be neglected [15]. The loss is also neglected, thus linear HOC in OPNs is focused upon.…”

Section: Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of homowavelength crosstalk in optical packet networks

Zhang

et al. 2003

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, homowavelength crosstalk in optical packet networks is evaluated with the following aspects taken into consideration: device crosstalk coefficient, signal extinction ratio, traffic load,The evolution of packet switching in the optical domain has naturally evolved to address transport-sporadic and bursty IP traffic more efficiently. With advantages such as high speed, data-rate and format transparency, and flexibility, optical packet switching has recently become a popular research topic worldwide [1][2][3][4][5][6]. However, transparency places a stringent constraint on optical components so that the signal quality will not significantly degrade. Crosstalk between optical packet channels, one of the problems associated with transparency, should be investigated both to understand its constraint on the optical components and to guide the design of OPN nodes. Considerable efforts have been devoted to analyzing and suppressing crosstalk in traditional circuit-switched optical networks [7][8][9][10][11][12]. According to whether it occupies the same nominal wavelength of the signal or not, crosstalk in optical networks is generally classified into two types, namely, homowavelength crosstalk (HOC) and heterowavelength crosstalk (HEC) [13]. HEC is not a serious problem, since it can be removed easily by employing filters. On the other hand, HOC, because it occupies the same wavelength of the signal, cannot be removed once coupled and accumulates through the cascade. Thus, HOC potentially poses a serious limitation to the performance of optical packet networks (OPNs). To our knowledge, very few researchers have addressed this issue; therefore, we made a detailed analysis of the HOC in OPNs.By considering device crosstalk coefficient, signal extinction ratio, traffic load, node size, and cascadability, the effect of HOC on the performance of OPN nodes is analyzed in detail. In the following section, a brief introduction of crosstalk in OPNs is made, and then bit error rate and packet error rate arising from HOC are analytically computed. To show the significance of the HOC-induced performance degradation in OPNs, the influence of HOC is evaluated with examples of practical network nodes. In section 3, numerical results are presented with discussions, and conclusions are drawn in section 4. THEORY Crosstalk in OPN NodesIn OPNs, the packet length in the optical domain can be fixed or variable. However, in practical applications, packets with fixed duration are generally adopted, mapped into fixed timeslots, and scheduled in a slotted fashion to simplify the implementation of the nodes. In the input interface of the OPN node, during each timeslot all packets are aligned in phase and separated by demultiplexers according to their wavelengths. Then they are delivered to corresponding output ports, according to their address information by the switch matrix. In the output interface, contention resolution and packet header regeneration are generally performed [1].At the OPN nodes, the components of nonid...

show abstract

“…In the following analysis, the ASE noise generated by EDFAs is assumed to be remarkably low and can be neglected [15]. The loss is also neglected, thus linear HOC in OPNs is focused upon.…”

Section: Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of homowavelength crosstalk in optical packet networks

Zhang

et al. 2003

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Em 1991, o RCL foi usado para demonstrar a transmissão de canais ópticos modulados a 5 Gb/s em 9.000 km de fibra e a 2,5 Gb/s por 21.000 km de fibra, com uma BER mais baixa que 10 -9 . Neste caso, o espaçamento entre os amplificadores era de 40 km de fibra e os lasers de bombeio Raman operavam em 1480 nm [3]. Ainda em 1991, a transmissão de sólitons modulados foi demonstrada a 10 Gb/s ao longo de 1.000.000 km de fibra, usando um RCL de 500 km, com doze amplificadores de linha.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Avaliação do Desempenho de Sistemas Utilizando um Anel de Recirculação Óptico

Monteiro¹,

Baruh²,

Martinez³

et al. 2004

Anais Do XXI Simpósio Brasileiro De Telecomunicações

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Resumo    Nós investigamos numericamente a confiabilidade da utilização de um anel de recirculação óptico (RCL) em prever o desempenho de um sistema e os efeitos causados pelo cascateamento de elementos ópticos em um sistema de transmissão. Para validar esta ferramenta, nós conduzimos simulações numéricas do anel de recirculação baseadas em duas demonstrações experimentais: (i) dez voltas no anel com um único canal, modulado a 10 Gb/s, em um enlace de 25 km por volta e (ii) um sistema de transmissão WDM usando um optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM), baseado na tecnologia de fibra com grade de Bragg. Os resultados experimentais e de simulação apresentaram-se de acordo. 1 Palavras -chaves     Anel de Recirculação, Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (OADM),

show abstract

“…Signal transmission over 2200 km was achieved with a 2.488 Gb/s continuous-phase frequency-shift-keying (CPFSK) heterodyne detection system that placed 25 EDFA's at 80 km intervals [1], [2]. Feasibility of a transoceanic system has been successfully demonstrated by transmitting a signal over 21 000 km in a recirculating loop which used 40-km spaced EDFA's and a 2.4 Gb/s intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM-DD) scheme [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inline amplifier transmission experiments over 4500 km at 2.5 Gb/s

Saito

Murakami

Naka

et al. 1992

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstruct-An in-line amplifier system is constructed with erbium-doped fiber amplifiers spaced at 100 km and 80-km intervals. The system transmits 2.5-Gb/s signals over 2500 km with continuous-phase frequency-shift-keying heterodyne detection and over 4500 km with intensity-modulation direct-detection. With respect to amplifier output signal power levels, it is experimentally shown that there exists a dynamic range within which long-distance signal transmission can be achieved with only small receiver sensitivity degradation. The range's upper and lower limits are determined by fiber nonlinearities and amplifier noise characteristics, respectively.

show abstract

A 9000 km 5 Gb/s and 21,000 km 2.4 Gb/s Feasibility Demonstration of Transoceanic EDFA Systems Using a Circulating Loop

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Performance analysis of homowavelength crosstalk in optical packet networks

Performance analysis of homowavelength crosstalk in optical packet networks

Avaliação do Desempenho de Sistemas Utilizando um Anel de Recirculação Óptico

Inline amplifier transmission experiments over 4500 km at 2.5 Gb/s

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About