A 780-year record of explosive volcanism from DT263 ice core in east Antarctica

Zhou, Liya; Li, Yuansheng; Jihong, Cole-dal; Tan, Dejun; Sun, Bо; Ren, Jiawen; Wei, Lijia; Wang, Henian

doi:10.1007/s11434-006-2164-3

Cited by 18 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Delmas et al [36] suggested that the deposition of volcanic ash depended strongly on the snow accumulation rate of the site, and the signals of volcanic eruption could be more significant at low accumulation rate sites. In addition, the volcanic eruptions vary remarkably in respect of the eruption materials, eruption ways, and deposition processes [4,37] . As to a Greenland ice core, about 1/3 of the volcanic events were obscured due to the local environmental conditions [33] .…”

Section: The Volcanic Events Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Records of volcanic events since AD 1800 in the East Rongbuk ice core from Mt. Qomolangma

Kaspari

Hou

et al. 2009

Sci. Bull.

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Continuous Bi profile of the East Rongbuk (ER) ice core near Mt. Qomolangma reveals nine major volcanic events since AD 1800. Compared with Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI), it shows that the concentrations of Bi in the ER ice core can reflect the major volcanic events within the key areas. This provides a good horizon layer for ice core dating, as well as a basis for reconstructing a long sequence of volcanic records from the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau ice cores.

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Section: The Volcanic Events Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Records of volcanic events since AD 1800 in the East Rongbuk ice core from Mt. Qomolangma

Kaspari

Hou

et al. 2009

Sci. Bull.

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“…Due to the extreme climatic condition at Dome A, the model results need, however, to be validated by, for instance, shallow ice cores before they can be applied reliably. So far, there are two shallow ice cores along the traverse from the Chinese Zhongshan Station to Dome A (i.e., DT001 [9,10] and DT263 [11] ) that had been studied in detail, but both cores are too shallow to penetrate the firn layer, and their time scale does not exceed 1000 a.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preliminary results of the close-off depth and the stable isotopic records along a 109.91 m ice core from Dome A, Antarctica

Hou

Xiao

et al. 2009

Sci. China Ser. D-Earth Sci.

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Citation: Hou S G, Li Y S, Xiao C D, et al. Preliminary results of the close-off depth and the stable isotopic records along a 109.91 m ice core from Dome A, Antarctica. A 109.91 m ice core was recovered from Dome A (or Dome Argus), the highest ice feature in Antarctica, during the 2004/05 austral summer by the 21st Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-21). Both methane profile along the core and firn densification model calculation suggest that the close-off depth is at about 102.0 m with an ice age about 4200 a. Stable isotopes (δ 18 O and δD) of the chips samples produced during each run of ice core drilling at Dome A, together with those of the other cores recovered from the eastern inland Antarctica, suggest a relative stable climate with a temperature fluctuation amplitude about ±0.6℃ at the eastern inland Antarctica during the late Holocene. The average d-excess (or d =δ D−8δ 18 O) of 17.1‰ along the Dome A core is probably the highest among the Antarctic inland ice cores, which may be resulted from the kinetic fractionation during the snow formation under an oversaturation condition. Moreover, the increasing trend of d-excess during the late Holocene reflects mainly the migration of the water source area for precipitation at Dome A towards low latitudes. This paper presents the first results of a shallow ice core recovered from the unexplored highest area of the Antarctic ice sheet, providing a background for the proposing deep ice core drilling at Dome A.

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“…We infer that this event may be the source of either the AD 1030 or AD 1257 volcanic sulphate spikes recorded in Antarctic ice sheet records (Budner and Cole-Dai 2003;Zou et al 2006) on account of their associated southern hemisphere cooling signals (Oppenheimer 2003). Based on our estimates of erupted mass and sulphur release, the caldera forming eruption cloud of Tofua would have emitted 520 ppm S per unit mass of erupted magma.…”

Section: Eruption Magnitude and Sulphur Releasementioning

confidence: 85%

Mafic Plinian volcanism and ignimbrite emplacement at Tofua volcano, Tonga

et al. 2011

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Tofua Island is the largest emergent mafic volcano within the Tofua arc, Tonga, southwest Pacific. The volcano is dominated by a distinctive caldera averaging 4 km in diameter, containing a freshwater lake in the south and east. The latest paroxysmal (VEI 5-6) explosive volcanism includes two phases of activity, each emplacing a high-grade ignimbrite. The products are basaltic andesites with between 52 wt.% and 57 wt.% SiO 2 . The first and largest eruption caused the inward collapse of a stratovolcano and produced the 'Tofua' ignimbrite and a subcircular caldera located slightly northwest of the island's centre. This ignimbrite was deposited in a radial fashion over the entire island, with associated Plinian fall deposits up to 0.5 m thick on islands >40 km away. Common subrounded and frequently cauliform scoria bombs throughout the ignimbrite attest to a small degree of marginal magmawater interaction. The common intense welding of the coarse-grained eruptive products, however, suggests that the majority of the erupted magma was hot, waterundersaturated and supplied at high rates with moderately low fragmentation efficiency and low levels of interaction with external water. We propose that the development of a water-saturated dacite body at shallow (<6 km) depth resulted in failure of the chamber roof to cause sudden evacuation of material, producing a Plinian eruption column. Following a brief period of quiescence, largescale faulting in the southeast of the island produced a second explosive phase believed to result from recharge of a chemically distinct magma depleted in incompatible elements. This similar, but smaller eruption, emplaced the 'Hokula' Ignimbrite sheet in the northeast of the island. A maximum total volume of 8 km 3 of juvenile material was erupted by these events. The main eruption column is estimated to have reached a height of ∼12 km, and to have produced a major atmospheric injection of gas, and tephra recorded in the widespread series of fall deposits found on coral islands 40-80 km to the east (in the direction of regional upper-tropospheric winds). Radiocarbon dating of charcoal below the Tofua ignimbrite and organic material below the related fall units imply this eruption sequence occurred post 1,000 years BP. We estimate an eruption magnitude of 2.24×10 13 kg, sulphur release of 12 Tg and tentatively assign this eruption to the AD 1030 volcanic sulphate spike recorded in Antarctic ice sheet records.

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A 780-year record of explosive volcanism from DT263 ice core in east Antarctica

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Records of volcanic events since AD 1800 in the East Rongbuk ice core from Mt. Qomolangma

Records of volcanic events since AD 1800 in the East Rongbuk ice core from Mt. Qomolangma

Preliminary results of the close-off depth and the stable isotopic records along a 109.91 m ice core from Dome A, Antarctica

Mafic Plinian volcanism and ignimbrite emplacement at Tofua volcano, Tonga

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