“…The process is divided into early and late events: early failure occurs before implant load, and late failure takes place after the implant has received occlusal load (Esposito et al, 1999). Early failures have been related to smoking (Ganeles and Wismeijer, 2004), aging (Moy et al, 2005), systemic diseases (Quirynen and Teughels, 2003;Weyant and Burt, 1993), bone quantity and quality (Degidi and Piattelli, 2005;Rosenberg et al, 2004;Stanford, 2003), surgical trauma (Gruica et al, 2004), and contamination during surgical procedure (Kuttenberger et al, 2005;van Steenberghe et al, 1990). Late failures have been related to peri-implantitis (Rosenberg et al, 2004), and occlusal overload (Misch et al, 2004).…”